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Classic Lit
exam review
97
English
Undergraduate 2
12/11/2008

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Term
Apollonius Rhodius
Definition
Greek librarian and poet at Alexandria. Student of Callimachus
Term
Aristophanes
Definition
Greatest playwright of his time, sought to reduce prejudice against Socrates. Wrote "the clouds" and "Euripides"
Term
Aristotle
Definition
Greek philosopher from Athens, attended Plato's academy
Term
Euripides
Definition
Last of 3 great Athenian Tragedians. More of his works survived than any other author. Reshaped tragedy format.
Term
Julius Caesar
Definition
"greatest man who ever lived" Military leader, wrote about Rome. death-ides of march
Term
Plato
Definition
Greek philosopher born to wealthy family in Athens. Joined 30 tyrants of Athens. Wrote in dialog form
Term
Callimachus
Definition
Greek poet, used modern poetic form. Completed first scientific library
Term
Demosthenes
Definition
Greek orator, wrote speeches. Killed himself to escape Alexander's men
Term
Heroditus
Definition
father of history
Term
Menander
Definition
Greek dramatist, drowned in his bath. Athenian new comedy
Term
Plutarch
Definition
Greek author, studied under Amonius. Wrote Parallel Lives, Moralia
Term
Theocritus
Definition
Greek poet, father of pastoral poetry
Term
Lysias
Definition
Greek speech writer, studied rhetoric in Italy. Brother was killed by 30 tyrants. Wrote Erasthones
Term
Xenophon
Definition
greek historian and essayist, student of Socrates, joined Spartan army
Term
Persius
Definition
Roman poet/satirist. Known for his stoic criticism and moral tone. Often paired with Juvenal
Term
Catullus
Definition
Roman poet, fell in love with Claudia, died at age 30
Term
Sophocles
Definition
from Athens, writer and actor. His death ended first great age of tragedy. Wrote: Oedipus rex, electra
Term
Horace
Definition
studied philosophy in Athens, served under brutus. Wrote Book of Satires.
Term
Juvenal
Definition
roman poet, son of rich freedman. Exiled for insulting an actor
Term
Livy
Definition
Roman historian, wrote "history of Rome"
Term
Thucydides
Definition
greek historian, father of scientific history. Wrote “history of pelloponesian wars”
Term
Cicero
Definition
Roman statesman, theorist, philosopher. Rome's greatest orator.
Term
Martial
Definition
known for his 12 epigram books, creator of modern epigram
Term
Aegisthus
Definition
Lover of Clytaemenstra, helped kill Agamemnon (The Oresteia-Aeschylus)
Term
Calchas
Definition
seer (iliad-homer)
Term
Cassandra
Definition
Clytaemenstra killed her, had the gift of prophecy but no one would believe her. (Oresteia-Aeschylus)
Term
Andromache
Definition
Hector's wife--Iliad
Built mini Troy--Aeneid
Term
Electra
Definition
Orestes' sister, planned Clytaemenstra's murder. (Oresteia-Aeschylus)
Term
Nestor
Definition
Old, wise, Greek king, gave counsel. (Iliad-Homer)
Term
Antinous
Definition
Main suitor, gets killed first when Odysseus returns (Odyssey-Homer)
Term
Pylades
Definition
Best friend of Orestes, only has 3 lines. Says it's better to side with the gods than man. (Oresteia-Aeschylus)
Term
Sappho
Definition
Greek Female love poet
Term
Hesiod
Definition
Early Greek Oral Poet, often coupled with Homer, wrote Theogany, and Works and Days
Term
Pindar
Definition
Greek, wrote victory odes and hymns. 45 of which are left, and separated into categories by sport
Term
Aeneas
Definition
survivor of the siege of Troy, on a mission to found a new Troy, and Rome
Term
Dido
Definition
Queen of Carthage, falls in love with Aeneas, kills herself
Term
Aeolus
Definition
god of the winds, helps Juno by creating a storm for the Trojans
Term
Pyrrhus (Neoptolemus)
Definition
murdered Priam and his sons at Troy
Term
Sinon
Definition
tricks Trojans into bringing the wooden horse inside
Term
Hector
Definition
Great Trojan warrior, killed at Troy
Term
Creusa
Definition
Aeneas’ wife at Troy, is left behind and killed
Term
Ascanius
Definition
Aeneas’ and Creusa’s son
Term
Cupid
Definition
god of love, makes Dido fall in love with Aeneas by disguising himself as Ascanius
Term
Venus
Definition
Aeneas’ mother, goddess of love, tries to help Aeneas and Trojans
Term
Celaeno
Definition
chief harpie
Term
Anna
Definition
dido’s sister, encourages her to forsake her vow to her dead husband
Term
Palinuras
Definition
helmsman for Aeneas’ ship, falls overboard
Term
Sybil
Definition
gives a prophecy that they will get to Italy, but wish they never had.
Term
Anchises
Definition
Aeneas’ father whom he sees in the underworld
Term
Polydorus
Definition
son of Hecuba, goes to Thrace for safety and is killed. Spears bleed
Term
Minerva
Definition
goddess that works with Juno against the Trojans
Term
Turnus
Definition
suitor of Lavinia, until Aeneas arrives. He wages warn against the Trojans
Term
Latinus
Definition
king of Latium, father of Lavinia
Term
Amata
Definition
Wife of Latinus, mother of Lavinia, Remains loyal to Turnus against Aeneas, but eventually kills herself
Term
Lavinia
Definition
Daughter of Latinus, is fought over by Turnus and Aeneas. Has no lines
Term
Allecto
Definition
fury sent by Juno to incite the Latins to war against the Trojans
Term
Juturna
Definition
Turnus’ sister, provoked by Juno she starts a battle against the Trojans, after a treaty had already been reached.
Term
Nisus
Definition
Trojan, asks are his “desires from the gods or himself?” tries to save Euryalus, but they are both killed
Term
Euryalus
Definition
Trojan, killed by Volcens along with Nisus
Term
Mezentius
Definition
scorned by the gods, hated by men. Used to rule the Etruscans
Term
Lausus
Definition
Mezentius’ son, tries to save him from Aeneas, but is killed
Term
Evander
Definition
good king who lived on the future site of Rome. Knew Aeneas’ father
Term
Pallas
Definition
killed by Turnus, Hercules weeps for him. Turnus takes Pallas’ belt
Term
Camilla
Definition
dread maiden, fierce fighter, outran a horse
Term
Jupiter
Definition
king of gods, also called Jove, directed Aeneas’ journey
Term
Deucalion and Pyrrha
Definition
two survivors of the flood
Term
Apollo and Daphne
Definition
Apollo chased Daphne and she was transformed into a tree
Term
Phaethon
Definition
Steals the Sun god’s chariot and almost destroys the world
Term
Jove and Europa
Definition
Jove tries to rape Europa
Term
Actaeon and Diana
Definition
Diana turns him into a deer for seeing her naked
Term
Juno, Jove, and Semele
Definition
Jove got Semele pregnant
Term
Tiresias
Definition
Narcissus’ father, a transsexual blind sage
Term
Narcissus
Definition
falls in love with his own refelction, dies and turns into a flower
Term
Echo
Definition
nymph, loves narcissus, can only repeat others’ words
Term
Pyramus and Thisbe
Definition
lovers divided by a wall. Romeo and Juliet correlation
Term
Mars and Venus
Definition
had an affair, and Vulcan caught them in the act
Term
Perseus and Andromeda
Definition
perseus rescues andromeda from a sea monster and marries her
Term
Medusa
Definition
Perseus kills Medusa with a mirror
Term
Proserpina
Definition
Dis rapes her and takes her to the underworld
Term
Arachne
Definition
gets turned into a spider by Athena
Term
Niobi
Definition
Bragged because she had more kids than Latona, but they all died
Term
Pelops
Definition
has an ivory shoulder because his dad chopped him up and the gods fixed him
Term
Tereus, Procne, and Philomela
Definition
Tereus is married to Procne, but rapes and cuts out the tongue of Philomela
Term
Medea and Jason
Definition
Medea has to choose between her father and Jason
Term
Nisus and Scylla
Definition
Father and daughter. Scylla betrays her father for her love of Minos
Term
Daedalus and Icarus
Definition
Make wax wings and Icarus flies too close to the sun and dies
Term
Baucis and Philemon
Definition
an old poor couple visited by gods. Food didn’t run out. Became exhausted trying to catch a goose to kill.
Term
Hercules, Deianira, and Nessus
Definition
Hercules shoots Nessus with an arrow, and then Deianira gives Hercules a poisoned tunic that accidentally kills him. (Hercules is married to Deianira who loves Nessus)
Term
Orpheus and Eurydice
Definition
Orpheus wasn’t supposed to look at Eurydice as they were coming up from the underworld, but he did and she died again
Term
Ganymede
Definition
Jupiter’s ex-lover who came to serve in heaven
Term
Pygmalion
Definition
sculptor who makes an ivory woman who comes to life
Term
Myrrha
Definition
Falls in love with her father and sleeps with him. Turns into a tree and gives birth to a son.
Term
Venus and Adonis
Definition
Venus loves Adonis, whose mother was Myrrha (the tree)
Term
Atalanta and Hippomenes
Definition
In order to marry her, a man would have to beat Atalanta in a running race. Hippomenes did, with the help of golden apples. They are later turned into lions.
Term
Death of Achilles
Definition
Neptune wants Achilles killed, so he tells Apollo to shoot him. Apollo tells Paris to do it and he does.
Term
Ajax versus Ulysses
Definition
They compete in a verbal contest for Achilles’ armor. Ajax loses, kills himself, and turns into a flower.
Term
Hecuba (sorrows)
Definition
Her daughter died, then she found the body of her son Polydoras washed up from the sea
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