Term
| When first hop redundancy protocols are used , which two items will be shared by a set of routers that are presenting the illusion of being a single router? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
stand for : First Hop Redundancy Protocol
IP routing redundancy is designed to allow for transparent fail-over at the first-hop IP router.
Both HSRP and VRRP enable two or more devices to work together in a group, sharing a single IP address, the virtual IP address. The virtual IP address is configured in each end user's workstation as a default gateway address and is cached in the host's Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) cache.
In an HSRP or VRRP group, one router is elected to handle all requests sent to the virtual IP address. With HSRP, this is the active router. An HSRP group has one active router, at least one standby router, and perhaps many listening routers. A VRRP group has one master router and one or more backup routers. |
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Term
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Definition
* The standby router stops seeing hello messages from the forwarding router
* Standby router assumes
* The forwarding router assumes the ip and mac address of the virual rotuer. |
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Term
| Which two protocols will not be able to function with multivendor devices? |
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Definition
| The first hop redundancy protocols HSRP and GLBP are Cisco proprietary and will not function in a multivendor enviroment. |
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Term
| What three port states are used by Rapid PVST+ ? |
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Definition
- Discarding
- Learning
- forwarding
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Term
| Which two issues are the result of a broadcast storm? |
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Definition
- Due to high processing demands during a broadcast storm , communication may fail between end stations in the broadcast domain.
- Durining a boardcast storm , constant changes to the MAC address table prevent a switch from accurately forwarding frames.
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Term
| What is the intiial approach that should be used to troubeshoot a broadcast storm in a switched network? |
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Definition
The first step that should be taken when there is a spanning tree failure in a layer 2 network is to remove all redundant links in the failed segment of the network ,( done manually )
This will eliminate the loops in the topology allowing for a normalization of the traffic and CPU loads. after this next step would be to investigate the failure of STP on the redundant links and fix these issues prior to restoring the links. |
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Term
| What are two expectations of configuring PortFast on a switch port? |
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Definition
- The Switch port immedicately transitions from blocking to the forwarding state.
- The switch port should never receive BPDUs from end station that are connected to the port.
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Term
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Definition
| Bridge Protocol Data Unit is frame that are used by STP to prevent loops. |
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Term
| Which two types of spanning tree protocols can cause suboptimal traffic flows because they assume only one spanning-tree instance for the entire bridged network? |
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Definition
STP ( Spanning Tree Protocol )
RSTP(Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol ) |
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Term
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Definition
Gateway Load Balancing Protocol = GLBP its Cisco proprietary FHRP that protect data traffic from a failed router or circuit while allowing load balancing between a group of redundant routers.
you know you have used GLBP from CLI if it displays load balancing as output
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Term
| How are the Rapid PVST+ link types determined on the switch interfaces? |
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Definition
| Link types are determined automatically. |
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Term
| Which RSTP ports are connected to end devices? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which port state will switch ports immediately transition to when configured for PortFast? |
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Definition
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Term
| The spanning-tree ___________________ global configuration command is used to enable Rapid PVST+ |
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Definition
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Term
| hich STP priority configuration would ensure that a switch would always be the root switch? |
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Definition
spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 0*
This will always ensure that switch would be the root switch |
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Term
| What are three components that combined to form a bridge ID |
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Definition
extended system ID*
MAC address*
bridge priority*
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Term
| What is an advantage of PVST+ |
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Definition
Per VLAN Spanning Tree ( PVST+ ) protocol main advantage is
PVST+ optimizes performance on the network throught load sharing |
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Term
| The most cost-effictive method of solving interface congestion that is caused by a high level of traffic between two switches? |
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Definition
| has to be aggregate ports by using EtherChannel |
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Term
| Describe an EtherChannel implementation? |
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Definition
| A trunked port can be part of an Etherchannel bundle |
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Term
| name three options that must match in order to establish an EtherChannel between two directly connected switches? |
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Definition
- Speed of the interfaces that are used for EtherChannel
- VLAN memberships of the interfaces that are used for EtherChannel
- Duplex setting of the interfaces that are used for EtherChannel.
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Term
| What is an advantage of using LACP? |
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Definition
- Allows automatic formation of EtherChannel links
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Term
| For Which discovery mode will AP generate the most traffic on WLAN? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which wireless frame type is used to send and locate associate access point |
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Definition
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Term
| Which feature of 802.11n allows to transmit data faster speed than 802.11 |
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Definition
| MIMO (multiple input, multiple output) is an antenna technology for wireless communications in which multiple antennas are used at both the source (transmitter) and the destination (receiver). The antennas at each end of the communications circuit are combined to minimize errors and optimize data speed. |
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Term
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Definition
Some corporate AP models can operate in either autonomous mode or controller-based mode.
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Term
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Definition
| Extended Service Set Definition - An extended service set (ESS) is one or ... of all STAs receiving signals from a given AP and creates an 802.11 wireless LAN ... |
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