Term
| Type of circulatory system: diffusion |
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Definition
-fulfills the same role as a circulatory system
-occurs in small organisms (cheap, but suffers limitations) |
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Term
Type of circulatory system: Open circulatory system
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Definition
-Arthropods and most molluscs
-bathes the organs directly and is confined to vessles. (advantages: cheap to build and maintain NO extensive blood vessels No high pressure system) |
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Term
Type of circulatory system: Closed circulatory system
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Definition
-Blood contained in extensive vessel networks (arteries, veins, capillaries)
-Advantages: create higher blood pressue, allowing for greater metabolic demands
For larger and more active animals (MOST endotherms)-vertebrates, some molluscs, earthworms |
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Term
| 3 types of closed circulatory systems |
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Definition
1. 2-chambered heart (single circuit of blood)
2. 3-chambered heart (double circulation)
3. 4-chamered heart (double circulation) |
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Term
| Parts of circulatory system: HEART |
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Definition
ventricle- all the power (cardiac muscle)
Oxgeniated blood=left atrium, left ventricle |
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Term
| What maintains your heart rate? |
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Definition
Sinoatrical node (pacemaker)
in right wall of atrium |
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Term
| If CO2 has already been released in the lungs, CO2 does/does not come back into pulmonary vein and back to the heart? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Arteries- thicker muscle layer with great elasticity
(accommodate high pressure as blood flows out of the heart)
Veins- thinner muscle layer (convey blood back to the heart at lower velocity and pressure) |
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Term
Arteries from ____ to ____
veins from ____ to _____ |
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Definition
arteres: heart-capilaries
veins: capillaries-heart |
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Term
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Definition
| They facilitate diffusion with thin walls and slow flow. There is oxygen and CO2 flowing to and from tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| Rate of flow inversely related to total flow area. Physical forces control blood flow. |
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Term
Red Blood Cells have no nucleus
White blood cells- have a role in the immune system
Platelets aid in____ |
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Definition
| blood clotting, no nucleus |
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Term
| Is DNA is white or red blood cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does clotting prevent blood loss following injury? |
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Definition
Wound-> platelets bind to collagen to form a plug,
platelets release clotting factor - activation cascade signals (fibrinogen-fibrin: active form) - fibrin forms threads that compose the clot |
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Term
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Definition
Not enough red blood cells, thus not enough hemoglobin.
Treated with EPO
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Term
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Definition
Blood doesn't clot (mostly in men)
treated by blood transfusions |
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Term
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Definition
-the death of cardiac muscle
-prolonged blockage of coronary arteries (small diameter)
stroke is...
-the death of nervous tissue in the brain
-blockage of arteries in head |
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Term
| Velocity of blood flow is lowest in capillaries because...? |
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Definition
| The total surface area of the capillaries is larger than the total surface area of arterioles. |
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