Term
| What are pressure ulcers? |
|
Definition
Decubitus ulcers - from lying down and decr blood flow.
At risk: diabetics, alzheimers, stroke, spinal injury
**Turn patients every 2 hours! Check daily |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 risk factors for pressure ulcers? |
|
Definition
- Pressure > 35 on a bony prominence**
- Shear - force created through sliding, usually b/c bed is too highly elevated
- Friction
- Moisture - fecal or urinary incontinence |
|
|
Term
| What vitamins should be supplemented in a patient with pressure ulcers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the stages of pressure ulcers? |
|
Definition
- I - resembles prior to blister. heals in 1-3 days
- II - lesion opens, heals in 1-3 weeks
- III - tissue loss down to hypodermis. healing in 1-3 months
- IV - involves muscle and bone. Heals in 1-2 years
- Also deep tissue injury and unstagable |
|
|
Term
| How is nutrition used to prevent pressure ulcers? |
|
Definition
- Albumin > 3.5
- Supplement Vit C, A, and Zinc
- Medpass is a good supplement, in between meals |
|
|
Term
| What products can be used as barriers for pressure ulcers? |
|
Definition
- Lantiseptic protectant
- Baza cream - antifungal
- Aloe Vesta - antifungar |
|
|
Term
| How are pressure ulcers cared for? |
|
Definition
- Cleaning with normal saline
- Avoid chronic topical abx
- Santyl - digests collagen and necrotic tissue |
|
|
Term
| What are wound dressings used for pressure ulcers? |
|
Definition
- Permeable to O2
- Protect vs. infection, injury
- Promote granulation and epithelialization
- Mepilex - protects heel
- Tegasorb - hydrocolloid
- Tegaderm - transparant |
|
|
Term
| What are Venous (stasis) ulcers? |
|
Definition
Lower extremity ulceration - venous HTN and DVT
**Activity, shift positions, compression |
|
|
Term
| What Rx can be used for venous ulcers? |
|
Definition
- Trental/Pentoxifylline - 400 TID. Must also use compression
- ASA - 325 mg QD |
|
|
Term
| What are neuropathic ulcers? |
|
Definition
Caused by diabetic neuropathy in the feet
- relieve pressure
- Manage glucose
- Debridement
- Becaplermin/Regranex - must store in fridge |
|
|
