The hallmark of chronic inflammation is infiltration of tissue with mononuclear inflammatory cells. What cell types are being referred to

A. granulocytes

B. round cells

C. A and B

D. neither A or B

Fibrosis results from the activation of fibroblast that cause

A. increase in collagen secretion

B. decrease in collagen resorbtion

C. Both A and B

D. Neither A nor B

fibrous tissue in cirrhosis prevents regeneration of normal hepatic lobules and interferes with normal blood supply to the lobules, leading to __________

A. portal hypotension

B. portal hypertension

C. portal congestion

pyloric stenosis

A. fibrosis of the stomach

B. fibrosis of the large and small intestine

C. fibrosis of the lower esophagus

Matching

A. pyloric stenosis

B. ankylosis

C. chronic pyelonephritis

1.Fibrous replacement of damaged joint tissue

2.Fibrosis of the intestine during peptic ulceration

3.Fibrosis in the kidney

Ans A----->2

B---->1

C---->3

The key players in chronic inflammation are

A. lymphocytes and neutrophils

B. macrophages and neutrophils

C. lymphocyes and macrophages

D. lymphocytes and plasma cells

Some bacterial infections are resistant to killing by macrophages. Which of the diseases below can occur

because of this

A. Tuberculosis and Leprosy

B. Tuberculosis and strep infections

C. Schistosomiasis and Leprosy

D. Schistosomiasis and strep infections

Schistomiasis is a parasitic disease that occurs because

A. The organisms are able to evade killing my macrophages

B. Organisms are resistant to degradation by macrophages

C. Organisms trick the immune system by constantly mutating

D. The immune system does not recognize the organism as being foreign

which of these agents can cause chronic inflammation that cannot be removed by macrophages

A. talc

B. asbestos

C. sodium monourate crystals

D. silica dust

E. All of the above

Periodontal diseases are caused by bacteria found specifically in

A. soft tissue around tooth

B. gingival crevice

C. periodontal pocket

An excellent example of chronic inflammation due to persistent infection

A. periapical granuloma

B. cyst

C. periapical abscess

D. none of the above

Determine which are specific and non-specific forms of chronic inflammation

A. virus

B. granulation tissue

C. acute inflammation

D. tumors

E. Transplant rejection

Ans

A. virus-specific

B. granulation tissue-nonspecific

C. acute inflammation-non-specific

D.tumors-specific

E. Transplant rejection-specific

Which is not an outcome of acute inflammation

A.Complete Resolution

B.Abscess Formation/Fibrosis

C.Fibrosis

D.Progress to Chronic Inflammation

E. all of the above

F. none of the above

Why are chronic tissues distorted and indurated?

A. tissue is indurated but not distorted

B. tissue is distorted but not indurated

C. wound contraction during healing

D. formation and contraction of fibrous scar tissue

In an acute abscess

A. bacteria remain viable

B. abscess does not prevent further spread

C. consist of nonpyogenic bacteria

D. extensive tissue damage is not required

The coexistence of active tissue damage and attempts at repair are typical of ________

A. acute inflammatio

B. chronic inflammation

A host response against dental plaque

A. ginigivitis

B. periodontal disease

Inflammation of the gingiva and exudate formation

A. late stage periodontitis

B. early stage periodontitis

C. gingivitis

D. Both B and C

What type of epithelium migrates apically leading to pocket formation

A. oral

B. junctional

C. sulcular

In Bronchiecstasis, the elastic and muscular components of the bronchioles are replaced by

A. fibrovascular granulation tissue only

B. fibrovascular granulation tissue followed by collagenous fibrous tissue formation

C. fibrous tissue formation only

Permanent dilation of the bronchi leads to

A. tumor

B. cystic fibrosis

C. Pneumonia

D. All of the above

Cell types present in primary chronic inflammation

A. lymphoid cells, macrophages and neutrophils

B. macrophages, fibroblasts and neutrophils

C. plasma cells, lymphoid cells and macrophages

D. lymphoid cells, macrophages and fibroblasts

During primary chronic inflammation, acute inflammation is

A. predominant

B. minimal

C. does not occur

A chronic inflammatory infiltrate can occur with all except

A. benign tumors

B. autoimmune diseases

C. viral infections

D. parasitic infections

Which disease is an example of a granuloma

A. pyogenic granuloma

B. periapical granuloma

C. granulomatous disease

D. Tuberculosis

Tissue aggregates of epithelioid macrophages as part of a cell-mediated immune response are termed

A. granulomas

B. Fibromas

C. tomors

Can granulomas contain eosinophils

A. yes

B. No

Epithelial cells are derived from macrophages and are located where in a granuloma

A. periphery

B. center

C. not located within a granuloma

Matching

A. foreign body giant cell

B. langhan cel

1.nuclei are arranged at the periphery in a horseshoe

2. nuclei centrally located like a pepperoni pizza

Ans A---->2

B---->1

Laminated calcified nugget is a

A. foreign body

B. Schaumann bodies

C. conchoid bodies

D. A and B

E. B and C

Owl-eyed nuclei are found in giant cells present during rheumatic fever. What are these cells called?

A. langhan cell

B. aschoff cell

C. foreign body giant cell

What type of necrosis results in tubercle formation.

A. coagulative

B. gangrene

C. caseous

D. Fibrinoid

Granuloma forms a _____pattern in Tuberculosis

A. military

B. micilary

C. miliary

An example of a foreign body granulomatous disease

A. Tuberculosis

B. Gout

C. breast implant

D. C and B

The joint most affected in a gout attack is

A. CP Joint

B. MC Joint

C. MP Joint

D. AP Joint

Accumulation of sodium urate in a chalky mass

A. topus

B. talc

C. monus

D. tomas

Can food impaction produce a foreign body granulomatous response?

A. yes

B. no

A multisystem chronic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology that affects the lung about 90% of the time

A. Crohn's disease

B. sarcoidosis

C. Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome

D.Orofacial Granulomatous disease

Lesions in sarcoidosis appear as chronic, violacious lesions that are termed _____are found on the nose, ears, lips and face

A. Topus

B. lupus sacrcoido

C. Lupus perio

Common areas for erythematous macules in a patient with sarcoidosis

A. buccal muscosa and hard palate

B. buccal mucosa and lower labial mucosa

C. lower labial mucosa and hard palate

D. buccal mucosa and soft palate

1. Granulomas in sarcoidosis do not undergo caseous necrosis. 2 Tightly clustered aggregates of epithelioid histocytes are present with surrounding rim of lymphocytes

A. 1 and 2 are false

B. 1 is false and 2 is true

C. 1 is true and 2 is false

D. both 1 and 2 are true

Cytoplasm of sarcoid giant cells contain

A. asteriod bodies

B. Schaumann's bodies

C. both A and B

D. neither A and B

Confirmation of the diagnosis of sarcoidosis depends on the combined clinical, radiological and laboratory findings. Which are examples of tests that can be used

A. Kveim and Fe levels

B. ACE and Kveim

C. ACE and presence of AFB in sputum

Treament for sarcoidosis include all except

A. corticosteroids

B. methotrexate

C. NSAIDs

D. TNF-a antagonists

The main area specifically affected by Crohn's disease

A. intestine

B. terminal ileum

C. large bowel

D. anus

The end result of crohn's disease is ____ which leads to bowel obstruction

A. accumulation of granulomatous tissue

B. scarring

C. fibrosis

Orofacial invlovement is more common in

A. Crohn's disease

B. Sarcoidosis

A cobblestone pattern of thickening of the buccal mucosa causing fissuring and hyperplastic folds is a  feature of which disease

A. sarcoidosis

B. Crohn's disease

C. Orofacial granulomatosis

D. Tuberculosis

Glossitis is a feature of chrohn's disease and results from a dificiency in

A. B-12

B. folate

C. iron

D. all of the above

Treatment for Crohn's disease include

A. Salfasalazine

B. Metronidazole

C. Prednisone

D. All the above

Matching

1. Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome

2. cheilitis granulomatosa

A. a rare triad of unilateral facial paralysis, facial swelling and fissured tongue

B. swelling of the lips together with the characteristic microscopical appearances

Ans 1--->A

2---->B

Can melkersson-rosenthal syndrome and cheilitis granulomatosa be distinguished from sarcoidosis and crohn's disease with certainty?

A. yes

B. no

Microscopy of the swollen tissues in Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome and cheilitis granulomatosa shows

A.edema of the superficial, and sometimes of the deeper, corium,

B. lymphagiectasia and focal, often perivascular, accumulations of chronic inflammatory cells, especially lymphocytes. C.Small irregular, non-caseating, epithelioid granulomas with occasional multinucleated giant cells

D. All of the above

Treament for Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome and cheilitis granulomatosa include

A. Antibiotics

B. surgical recontouring

C. Intralesional steroids

D. all of the above