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Definition
| Relatively small volcano formed by moderate to explosive eruptions of tephra. |
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| Composite Volcano (stratovolcano) |
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Definition
| Steep-sided volcano formed from alternating layers of violent eruptions of tephra and quieter eruptions of lava. |
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Definition
| Movement of the ground that occurs when rocks inside Earth pass their elastic limit, break suddenly, and experience elastic rebound. |
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Definition
| Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. |
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Definition
| Fracture that occurs when rocks change their shape by breaking; can form as a result of compression (reverse fault), being pulled apart (normal fault), or shearing (strike-slip fault). |
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Definition
| Point deep inside Earth where energy is released, causing an earthquake. |
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Definition
| Large, rising body of magma that can force its way through Earth's mantle and crust and may form volcanoes. |
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Definition
| Magma flowing onto Earth's surface. |
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Definition
| A measure of the energy released by an earthquake. |
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Definition
| Long crack that forms between tectonic plates moving apart at plate boundaries. |
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Definition
| Describes the ability of structures to stand up against the vibrations caused by an earthquake. |
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Term
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Definition
| Earthquake waves, including P-waves (primary waves), S-waves (secondary waves), and surface waves. |
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Definition
| Instrument used to record seismic waves. |
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Definition
| Large, broad volcano with gently sloping sides that is formed by the buildup of basaltic layers. |
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Definition
| Powerful seismic sea wave that begins over an ocean-floor earthquake; can reach 30 m in height when approaching land, and can cause destruction in coastal areas. |
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Definition
| Cone-shaped hill or mountain formed when hot magma, solids, and gas erupt onto Earth's surface through a vent. |
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