Term
| Hypertropy results in a diastolic dysfuction, this leads to a decrease in _______ due to trying to _____ _________ |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the symptoms of CHF |
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Definition
1. Peripheral edema 2. Pulmonary edema 3. Tachycardia 4. SOB |
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Term
| There are two major pharacokinetics associated w/ Digoxin, what are they |
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Definition
Long half life (40 hr) Large volume of distrubtion (440L) |
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Term
| How does Digoxin increase calicum storage leading to more calcium release & increasing force of contraction |
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Definition
1. Inhibits Na/K ATPase pump 2. Decreases Na available for Na/Ca exchange |
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Term
| Digoxin has a direct effect on _______ leading to an increase in intracellular ____ & a decrease in ______ exchange |
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Definition
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Term
| Digoxin also has a PS effect what is it? |
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Definition
| Decrease conduction velocity at the SA & AV node |
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Term
| What are the clinical uses for Digoxin |
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Definition
1. CHF 2. Supraventricular trachycardias except Wolff-Parkinson |
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Term
| You would not give Digoxin in _____ ______ _____ syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
What are Digoxins effects on EKG Hint 6 |
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Definition
1. Increase PR interval 2. Decrease QT interval 3. T wave inversion 4. ST depression 5. Decrease phase 0 slope 6. Shorten refractory |
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Term
| Which drug do you not want to give w/ digoxin. Why? |
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Definition
| Quinidine, it increases digoxin levels in the plasma |
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Term
| Name the 3 durg interactoins w/ digoxin |
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Definition
1. Diuretics: increase K & calcium and decreases Mg 2. Quinidine & verapamil 3. Sympathomimetics |
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Term
| Name 4 things you don't want to give w/ digoxin |
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Definition
1. K, it interfers w/ Na/K ATPase 2. Ca, it increases toxicity 3. Mg, Reduces Toxicity 4. Quinidine increases Digoxin levels |
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Term
| Give the adverse effects of digoxin |
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Definition
1. Arrythmias 2. Anorexia, nausea 3. AV block 4. Visual effects (halos) |
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Term
| Name the 4 ionotrophic drugs |
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Definition
1. Digoxin 2. Inamrinone & Milirinoe 3. Dobutamine 4. Dopamine |
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Term
| Inamrionone & milrinone are both ________ inhibitors |
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Definition
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Term
| Inamrinone & Milironone inhibit breakdown of ____ & ____ thus increasing ______ & _____ |
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Definition
cGMP & cAMP Contraction & VD |
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Term
| Increasing cAMP by Inamrinone & Milirinone in smooth muscle leads to |
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Definition
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Term
| Give the adverse effects of Inamrinone & milirione |
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Definition
1. GI 2. Hepatotoxicity 3. Thrombocytopenia & Arrhythmias |
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Term
| Dobutamine is a _____ agonist |
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Definition
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Term
| Dobutamine increases ____ w/out increaseing ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the major adverse effect of dobutamine |
|
Definition
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Term
| Name the 3 diruetics used in CHF |
|
Definition
1. Hydrochlorothiazole 2. Furosemide 3. Spironolactone |
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Term
| How do Hydrochlorothiazole & Furosemide work? |
|
Definition
1. Increase excretion of water & sodium 2. Reduce edema 3. Reduce venous pressure 4. reduce Ventricular preload 5. Reduce cardiac size & improve pump efficiency |
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Term
| Hydrochlorothiazole increases ______ toxicity |
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Definition
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Term
| Spironolactone is a ________ antagonist |
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Definition
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Term
| When is spironolactone used in combination w/ Furosemide? |
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Definition
| Spironolcatone causes hyperkalemia while Furosemides causes hypokalemia, they balance each other |
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Term
| Name the 3 angiotensins used in CHF |
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Definition
1. Captopril 2. Enalopril 3. Losartan |
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Term
| Give the MOA for Captopril and Enalopril |
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Definition
1. Inhibits ACE 2. Decreases Peripheral resistance (decrease AL) 3. Reduce sodium and water retention |
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Term
| The adverse effects of this ACE Inhibitors ________ is coughing |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the difference between Captopril/Enalopril and Losartan |
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Definition
| Losartan blocks the Angiotension receptor not ACE so it doesn't affect Bradykinin and cause coughing |
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Term
| What's the mechanism for Nesiritide? |
|
Definition
1. Binds to natriuretic peptide receptors, thus increasing cGMP and results in casodilation 2. Increases PL & AL |
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Term
| Name the 3 vasodilators used in CHF |
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Definition
1. Nesiritide 2. Isosorbide dinitrate 3. Hydralazine |
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Term
| What's the major side effect of Isosorbide dinitrate |
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Definition
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Term
| You use Hydralazine w/ ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the mechanism of action for hydralazine |
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Definition
| Direct acting Arterial vasodilator |
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Term
| What are the side effects of Hydralazine |
|
Definition
1. Tachycardia 2. Flushing 3. Headaches |
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Term
| Name the beta adrenoceptor blockers |
|
Definition
1. Bisoprolol 2. Carvedilol 3. Metorpolol |
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