Term
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Definition
| Have the same number of protons and electrons |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| When an atom gives up or gains an electron to stablise their outer shell |
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Term
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Definition
When atoms share electrons
ie: 0xygen |
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Term
| How is a free radical formed |
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Definition
| Atom/s with unpaired electrons in the outer shell |
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Term
| Ionic bonds ar formed when |
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Definition
| Atoms transfer their outer electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| When an atom gives up one or more electrons and is positively charged |
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Term
| A anion (acceptor) occurs |
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Definition
| When an atom gains electrons that another atom has lost. Becomes negatively charged |
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Term
| Describe Covalent Bonds (chemical bonds) |
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Definition
Atoms that share one, two or three pairs of electrons on the outer shell
ie: Salt, Gas, Carbohydrates |
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Term
| Describe Polar Covalent Bonds |
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Definition
Unequal sharing of electrons between atoms
ie: Water, peptide bonds |
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Term
| Describe Non Polar Covalent Bonds |
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Definition
Equal sharing of electrons between atoms
ie: hydrogen gas, nitrogen gas |
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Term
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Definition
Weak bonds that are formed by attracting a little + and - energy. They hold the shape of a molecule.
ie: Water, DNA |
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Term
| What are the functions of enzymes (catalysts) in the body |
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Definition
| Speed up chemical reactions by decreasing the activation energy needed for a reaction to occur. Enzymes are also known as catalysts |
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Term
| What is the function of water in the body |
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Definition
Acts as a solvent - Able to dissolve substances
ie: Sugar, alchol, nutrients
Acts as a cushion
ie: Amniotic fluid (in pregnancy), Synovial fluid in joints
Chemically reactive
ie breaks down food by a process called hydrolysis |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution |
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Term
| Where do Acidic solutions sit on the PH Scale |
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Definition
| 0 - 6.9, 6.9 = Weak acid, 0 = Strong acid |
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Term
| Where do Bases fit on the PH scale |
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Definition
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Term
| Normal body fluids are located where on the PH scale |
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Definition
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Term
| All Organic compounds contain |
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Definition
Carbon and Hydrogen
ie: Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids |
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Term
| Provide most of the energy needed for life |
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Definition
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Term
| A simple sugar is known as a |
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Definition
Monosaccharide
ie: glucose, fructose, galactose |
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Term
| Long branching chains of simple sugars |
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Definition
Polysaccharide
ie: Glycogen |
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Term
| What is the function of glycogen in the body |
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Definition
Storage form of glucose in the body
ie: Food is stored in the liver as glycogen until we fast then it is broken down into glucose |
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Term
| What are the functions of lipids |
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Definition
Provide insulation for the body
ie: keeps us warm
Produce sex hormones
ie: estrogen, testosterone
Protects organs
ie: eyes, kidneys |
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Term
| An organic molecule that contains Carbon and Hydrogen |
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Definition
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Term
| The building blocks of Proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| The building blocks of Carbohydrates |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the structural protein Collagen |
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Definition
Is part of the connective tissue in the body. Most abundant in the body and are found in bones, cartilage, ligaments and tendonbs
ie: Elasticity |
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Term
| Describe the structural protein Keratin |
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Definition
Responsible for water proofing in the body
ie: Skin |
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Term
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Definition
| Found inside the nucleus, contains genes which code for the formation of proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| Copies instructions from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine |
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Term
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Definition
| Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of Adenosine Triphosphate |
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Definition
Energy used by cells to perform a metabolic reaction
ie: cell transport, muscle contraction |
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Term
| Describe the importance of a cell |
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Definition
| The structural and functional unit of all living organisms |
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