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Definition
| Single electrons with the same spin must occupy each energy-equal orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy same orbitals. |
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| Pauli Exclusion Principle |
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Definition
| A max of 2 electrons can occupy a single atomic orbital, but only if they have opposite spins. |
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| Each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available. |
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| Indicates relative sizes and energies of atomic orbitals. |
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| Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom |
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| Shows electrons treated as waves; doesn't show movement or path. |
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| Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle |
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Definition
| It is fundamentally impossible to precisely know both the velocity and position of a particle at the same time. |
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| Atoms tend to lose, gain, or share, electrons in order to acquire a full set of eight valence eletrons |
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| Have charge due to loss/gain of electrons. Valence Electrons are lost first. |
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| Group 15 Electron dot structure |
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| Group 4 Electron dot structure |
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| (1864) Proposed an organizational structure because he recognized a pattern: properties repeated every 8 elements (Law of Octaves). |
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| Who published the periodic table and in what year? |
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Definition
| In 1869 German Meyer and Russian Mendeleev published the periodic table, which organized elements by increasing atomic # and mass. |
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Term
| Who complied a list of elements in the 1700's? |
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Definition
| Lavoissier, also created the Law of Conservation of Matter! |
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Definition
| There is periodic repetition of chemical and physical properties of the elements when they are arranged by increasing atomic #. |
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| Demonstrated a connection between atomic mass and elemental properties and published the periodic table with Mendeleev in 1869. |
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| Demonstrated a connection between atomic mass and elemental properties and published the periodic table with Meyer in 1869. Also predicted the existence and properties of undiscovered elements. |
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| Henry Moseley, what he do? |
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Definition
| Discovered that atoms contain a unique number of protons called the atomic #. Arranged elements in order of increasing atomic number, which resulted in a periodic pattern of properties. |
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| Elements from groups 1 and 2 and 13 through 18. |
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| Which color has most frequency and the shortest wavelength? |
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| Most reactive element AND largest atomic radius? |
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| Electronegativity definition and trend |
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Definition
| Def= Atom's ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond. Fluorine has greatest electronegativity. |
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Definition
| Francium has greatest atomic radius |
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| Elements near squigly line |
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