Term
| In general, when should peak TDM levels be drawn? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| In general, when should trough TDM levels be drawn? |
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Definition
| Just before the next dose |
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Term
| When should digoxin peak levels be drawn and why? |
|
Definition
8 hours after dose;
It takes that long for serum/tissue to reach equilibrium |
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Term
|
Definition
| Time it takes for the concentration of a drug to decrease by 1/2 |
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Term
| What is meant by "steady state" drug? |
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Definition
| Amount drug excreted = Amount of drug absorbed |
|
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Term
| How many drug doses are required to reach steady state? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| List 3 factors that may affect drug metabolism |
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Definition
| Age, Renal Function, Heart, GI or Liver Disease, Genetic Factors |
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Term
| Why are the first-pass metabolite(s) of some drugs as well as the parent drug BOTH measured? |
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Definition
| Both forms are physiologically active |
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Term
| Can you list 2 drugs that fit into the first-pass category? |
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Definition
Primadone & phenobarbital;
Procainamide & NAPA |
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Term
| Why is protein quantitation necessary in some patients receiving therapeutic drugs? |
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Definition
| Protein levels affect the amount of bound and free drug. The free form is physiologically active. Decreased Protein levels will result in more free drug. |
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Term
| Why must SST (serum separator tubes) be avoided when testing for some therapeutic drugs? |
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Definition
| SS may absorb some drugs causing Falsely Decreased levels. |
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Term
List the common use for the following:
Lithium |
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Definition
|
|
Term
List the common use for the following:
Methotrexate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
List the common use for the following:
Primadone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
List the common use for the following:
Valproic Acid |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| List some of the more commonly used cardioactive drugs |
|
Definition
| Digoxin, quinidine, procainamide |
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Term
| What is the general function of aminoglycosides, vancomycin, and chloramphenicol? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are some of the serious toxic effects of aminoglycosides, vancomycin, and chloramphenicol? |
|
Definition
| Ototoxicity & Renal Damage |
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Term
| What is the common brand name for phenytoin? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Phenytoin/Dilantin used for? |
|
Definition
| Control Seizures and Epilepsy |
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Term
| In what general group of drugs are Demerol & Codeine? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| In what general group of drugs are Librium & Valium? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| List 2 commonly used immunosuppressive drugs that are used on organ transplant patients to suppress host vs graft disease. |
|
Definition
| Cyclosporin & Tacrolimus (FK 506) |
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Term
| Why should thalidomide NOT be given to younger women? |
|
Definition
| Devastating Birth Defects |
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Term
What organ is most susceptible to the toxic effects of the following:
Acetaminophen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What organ is most susceptible to the toxic effects of the following:
Salicylate |
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Definition
|
|
Term
What organ is most susceptible to the toxic effects of the following:
Ibuprofen |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the LEGAL limit for Blood Alcohol in Arkansas? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the CRITICAL Value for Blood Alcohol? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What precaution should be made when drawing blood for an alcohol level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what type of tube should a Blood Alcohol be collected? |
|
Definition
Light Green
- May vary though |
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Term
| What should a Chain of Custody be initiated in regards to drug or alcohol analysis? |
|
Definition
| If there could be ANY Legal Ramifications such as law suits or worker's compensation. |
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|
Term
| How would delta osmolality levels be affected in cases of alcohol toxicity? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What urinalysis finding is associated with ethylene glycol poisoning? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What are the most common testing methods used to screen for drugs of abuse? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is considered to be the "gold standard" technique for drug confirmation? |
|
Definition
| Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC Mass Spec) |
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for Delta Osmolality? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for Osmolality? |
|
Definition
| 2(Na) + (GLU/20) + (BUN/3) |
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