• Give off H⁺ ions, H₃O ions in water
• Taste sour
• Corrode Metals
• Electrolytes
• React w/bases to form salt and water
• pH <7
• Turns blue litmus paper to red (blue to red a-cid)

• Start with "H"
• Two-element compound: "hydro-" prefix, "-ic" ending
• Three elements: No "hydro-" prefix, "-ate" ending becomes "-ic" ending, "-ite" ending becomes "-ous" ending

• Produce OH^- ions inwater
• Taste bitter, chalky
• Electrolytes
• Soapy, slippery
• react w/ acids to form salts and water
• pH >7
• Turns red litmus paer to blue (Basic Blue)

• Made of one or more simple sugars
• Complex starches such as potatoes
• Energy stored in the form of chemical bonds
• Most abundant Molecules

• Stores excess energy
• Fats, oils, steroids, waxes
• Make up most of cell membrane
• Plants store as oild, animals store as fat
• Cheese, milk, meat
• Store vitamins in the body
• Cholesterol is in this group

• Act as catalyst
• Made of amino acids
• Hair, spider webs

• Largest Molecule made by living organisms
• DNA and RNA
• Composed of Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus
• Stores information for the cell
• Stretched out over 6 ft long
• Blueprints of life

• Formed from the positive ion of a base and teh negative ion of an acid
• Formed when acids and bases neutralize each other: HCl+KOH→H₂O+KCl
• Also from other reactions like:
• Reaction of metal with an acid: 2K+2HCl→2KCl+H₂
• Reaction of a metal and a nonmetal: 2K+Cl₂→2KCl

• Indicates amount of ionization taking place
• Can be measured using litmus paper or with a pH meter

• Hydrocarbon in which each carbon atom in the molecule shares a single bond with each of four other atoms
• Called saturate because no other atoms can be added without replacing another

• Hydrocarbon in which at least two carbon atoms share a double bond or a triple bond
• Called unsaturated because the double or triple bonds can be broken to allow more atoms in

• Always ring shaped
• Most based on benzene
• Have strong odors

• Force of attraction between two oppositely charged ions
• Can be formed by a metal and a nonmetal reacting
• Electrons transferred from the metal to the nonmetal

• Brittle
• High Melting Point
• Solid at room temp
• Dissolve in water
• Conduct electric current

Formed when two atoms share electrons

• Exist as molecules
• Low melting points
• Don't dissolve in water
• Do not conduct electricity
• Covalent compounds that do dissolve in water form uncharged molecules, and some form ions, and do conduct an electic current