Term
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Definition
*Overcome humidity deficit
*aid in bronchial hygiene
*assist in sputum induction |
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Term
| Aerosols to deliver medication |
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Definition
*do deliver bronchodilators
*to decrease upper airway inflammation
*to aid in bronchial hygiene |
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Term
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Definition
| Distance traveled per unit time |
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Term
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Definition
*liquid in small tube moves up against gravity
*involves both adhesive and surface tension forces |
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Term
| Flow, velocity and cross sectional area |
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Definition
*principle underlines the application of nozzles our jets in fluid streams
*nozzles/jets are narrow passages designed to increase a fluids velocity |
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Term
| Bernoulli effect definition |
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Definition
*when a fluid flows through a tube of inform diameter pressure decreases progressively over the tube length
*when fluid passes through a constriction the pressure drop is much greater |
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Term
| Bernoulli effect: lateral pressure |
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Definition
*lateral pressure=a fluids pressure energy is the radial or outward force exerted by moving fluid
*moving fluids velocity and lateral pursue sum must be equal, therefore they vary inversely with each other |
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Term
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Definition
| As a flow of gas meets a restriction its lateral pressure decreases and forward velocity increase |
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Term
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Definition
*when fluid encounters a narrow passage, its velocity can increase greatly
*sometimes rise in velocity can be so great that pressure becoms negative-this neg pressure can pull another fluid into the primary flow system |
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Term
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Definition
| As a flow of gas meets a restriction its lateral pressure decreases and forward velocity increase |
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Term
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Definition
*when fluid encounters a narrow passage, its velocity can increase greatly
*sometimes rise in velocity can be so great that pressure becoms negative-this neg pressure can pull another fluid into the primary flow system |
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Term
| Aerosol production via nebulizer |
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Definition
*decrease lateral wall pressure
*baffles |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to how far into the tracheal-bronchial tree aerosol particles can enter |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to where in the tracheo-bronchial tree the aerosol particles contact the bronchial walls |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| weight or mass of the particles |
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Term
|
Definition
| weight or mass of aerosol per unit of gas leavin the nebulizer |
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Term
| Aerosol meds penetrate and deposit sites in the lung through: |
|
Definition
1.inertial impaction
2.gravitational sedimentation
3.diffusion onto lung surfaces |
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Term
| Characteristics of theapeutic aerosols |
|
Definition
size of particle
Physical characteristics
Amount of aerosol produced
Anatomy of airway
Ventilatory pattern |
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Term
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Definition
-heterodisperse: aerosol with wide range of particle size, found mostly in respiratory care
-monodisperse: aerosol that consists mainly of particles with similar size and density, usually needs special equipment, mainly found in lab research or industry |
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Term
|
Definition
mass median aerodynamic diameter
50% smaller and 50% larger than mmad |
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Term
|
Definition
5-50 upper airway
2-5 lower airway
1-3 parenchyma, alveolar region
Less than 1 parenchyma |
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Term
|
Definition
need flow less than 1L/sec
Aerosols deposit when airstream changes direction
Inertia keeps particles going in a mores straigt diretion
Tendency to deposit at airway bifurcations |
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Term
|
Definition
depends on density and particle size
Rate of sedimentation=dnsity x diameter^2 |
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Term
| Kinetic activity or diffusion |
|
Definition
brownian movement
Smaller particles have more kinetic activity or brownian motion
Brownian motion is caused by collisions of gas molecules with aerosol particles
<1 um |
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Term
|
Definition
particles can evaporate or increase in size
Aging |
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Term
|
Definition
inspiration flow = .5 L/sec is good (30L/min)
Slow respiratory rate and breath hold for 4-10sec |
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Term
|
Definition
Bronchospasms
cold aerosols
high density aerosols
medicated aerosols |
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Term
|
Definition
higher concentration of dosage
Continuous aerosol therapy |
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Term
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Definition
infants
Excessive saline solutions-hypernatremia |
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Term
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Definition
heated aerosols
Monitor temperature
Set alarms |
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