Term
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Definition
no cell wall****
irregular cell shape
associated w/ animals,plants-none free-living ,
sterols in cell membrane ****,
stains gram-neg because no cell wall, but is gram-pos* |
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Term
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Definition
common respiratory infection in children
pneumonia, progresses to meningitis, encephalitis,
smallest genomes of living organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| anaerobic spore-forming rods |
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Term
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Definition
causes tenanus (jawlock, disease of nervous system),
component of herbivore intestines,
found in manure, soil
unclean delievery kits----> neonatal tetanus(baby),
produces exotoxins (immunized against),
tetanospasmin component is neurotoxic,
symptoms: jawlock, stiff neck, muscle ridgity,
higher in intestines of autistic children |
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Term
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Definition
component of herbivore intestines,
contamination of meats & canned products (botulism),
actue diarrhea, cramps,
botulinum exotoxin is also neurotoxic,
botox (Botulinum toxin A) combats wrinkles, migranes, uncoordinated eyes |
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Term
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Definition
causes pseudomembranous colitis,
AAD-antibiotic associated diarrhea,
antibiotic treatment associated imbalance of intestinal microbes in hosptialized pts.
fever, diarrhea, cramps, foul stool odor,
elderly pts at higher risk,
treatment: fecal transplantation successfully cures c.diff |
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Term
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Definition
aerobic or facilitative anerobic,
spore-forming rods |
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Term
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Definition
causes anthrax,
present in wildlife & farm animals,
sheep sheearing, goat skin processing in high risk
rare cases w/ animal skin african drums,
capsule,
anthrax exotoxin,
nitric oxide production affects immune response (neurotransmitter), |
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Term
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Definition
through skin contract, abrasions,
would deveops black center |
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Term
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Definition
(pulmonary, terrorist form),
fever, pheumonia, breathing difficulties, shock, disorrientation,
100% untreated fatality rate |
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Term
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Definition
from food contaminated w/ spores,
severe diarrhea, vomitting, blood in stool
25-60% untreated fatility rate |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
lactobacillus acidophilus,
(L.iners) |
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Definition
found in milk,
present in intestines and vagina,
lactobacilii used to make buttermilk, yogurt, cheese, pickles,
probiotic during anticiotic therapy & to control yeast infections |
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Term
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Definition
irregular clusters of cocci,
residents of skin, nares
skin & wound infections (post-op),
food poisioning-mild gastroenteritis,
one of the organisms that causes toxic shock(peeling skin),
many strains antibiotic resistant,
(MRSA-methicillin-resistant staphlococcus aureus, VRSA) |
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Term
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Definition
present in upper respiratory tract,
pneumonia, meningitis,
pneumovax-vaccine against 23 types of capsule ( > 60 yrs old),
prevnar: vaccine against 13 types for children ( < 2 yrs) |
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Term
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Definition
unpasteurized milk products, cheese, presevred meats,
lactobacillus controls listeria in cheese,
listeritis,
intracellular organism, grows in monocytes, hides in gall bladder,
upon entry to cell, interferes w/ cellular stress response,
high risk: elderly, pregnancy immune prob,
fever, muscle ache, nausea, diarrhea, meningitis,septicema, miscarriages, pre-term labor |
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Term
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Definition
acid-fast staining rods,
mycolic acid in cell wall |
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Term
| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Definition
causes tuberculosis (respiratory infection),
spread through aerosols, requires prolonged contact,
fever, wt loss, fatigue, cough, blood in sputum,
drug resistant cases-espc. Eastern Europe,
acid fast stains, chest xray, trained APOPO rats,
new test to detect MDR, XDR, TB |
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Term
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Definition
causes leprosy ( infection of nervous system),
requires prolonged contact,
organism intracellular in neurons,
minor discoloartion of the skin,
loss of senstation (fingers get short-dont fall off though),
**cant be grown in vitro,
curable only in early stage |
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Term
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Definition
aerobic eukaryotes,
yeast, mushrooms, mold, mildew, rot,
found in soil, water, leaf/fruit surfaces,
saprophytic:live on dead organic matter,
some pathogenic to plants, animals,
produce brightly colored spores, |
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Term
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Definition
| some fungi grow in a filamentous form |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what fungi grows as single cells |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| some yeasts can switch between a yeast & pseudopyhal form |
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Term
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Definition
common cultivated mushroom,
white is a mutant variety of portobello & crimini |
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Term
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Definition
a plant pathogen--corn smut fungus,
mushroom like flavor,
aztecs |
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Term
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Definition
death cap fungus,
extreamly poisionous,
resembles many edible mushrooms |
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Term
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Definition
fly agaric,
mildly hallucinogenic,
used by vikings & siberians to develop a red complex. before war |
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Term
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Definition
infects ry & other cereals,
cold winters, warm rainy spring,
produces a hallucinogen ergotamine,
prescribed for migranes & post natal bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
dimorphic yeast-->causes candidiasis (thrush-mouth),
vaginal, oral, neonatal,
invasive form-->meningitis,
immune problems, loss of resident bacteria,
very few antifungla antibiotics |
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Term
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Definition
brewers & bakers yeast,
sugar------> ethanol + CO2,
some strains dimorphic, pathogenic to humans,
white powerdery coating on grapes is yeast ---->wine |
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Term
pneumocystis carinii,
(pneumocytis jirovecii) |
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Definition
pneumonia in immune compromised pts (immunosuppresive drugs),
fever, non-productive cough, breathing difficulty, wt loss,
aides pts. |
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Term
| epidermophyton & realitives |
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Definition
(trichophyton),
dermatophyte,
skin & hair infections,
athletes foot, ring worm,
itchy, scaly skin in moist areas of body |
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Term
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Definition
contaminates peanuts, grains stored under humid conditions,
potent toxin-->aflatoxin--->causes liver disease & cancer,
may cause invasive lung infection |
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Term
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Definition
commercial production,
penicillian family of antibiotics |
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Term
penicillium roqueforti,
penicillium camemberii |
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Definition
| production of soft & blue cheeses |
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Term
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Definition
dimorphic fungus-->yeast form in tisssues,
histoplasmosis-->firm contaminated bird,bath droppings,
epidemic in ohio river valley,
fever, flu like symptoms, chest pain, can be invasive or cause skin lesions (simular to TB |
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