Term
|
Definition
| the knowledge, language, values, customs, and material objects that are passed from person to person and from one generation to the next in a human group or society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a component of culture that consits of the physical or tangible creations (such as clothing, shelter, and art) that members of a society make, use, and share. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a component of culture that consists of the abstract or intangible human creations of society (such as attitudes, beliefs, and values) that influence people's behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the mental acceptance or conviction that certain things are true or real. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| customs and practices that occur across all societies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anything that meaningfully represents something else |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a set of symbols that expresses ideas and enables people to think and communicate with one another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the proposition that language shapes the view of reality of its speakers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collective ideas about what is right or wrong, good or bad, desirable or undesirable in a particular culture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| values that conflict with one another or are mutually exclusive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| established rules of behavior or standards of conduct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rewards for appropriate behavior or penalties for inappropriate behavior. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated that may not be violated without serious consequences in a particular culture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strongly held norms with moral and ethical connotations that may not be violated without serious consequences in a particular culture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mores so strong that their violation is considered to be extremely offensive and even unmentionable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formal, standardized norms that have been enacted by legislatures and are enforced by formal sanctions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the knowledge, techniques, and tools that allow people to transform resources into a usuable form and the knowledge and skills required to use what is developed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| William Ogburn's term for a gap between the technical development of a society (material culture) and its moral and legal institutions (nonmaterial culture) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of people who share a distinctive set of cultural beliefs and behaviors that differs in some significant way from that of the larger society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group that strongly rejects dominant societal values and norms and seeks alternative lifestyles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the disorientation that people feel when they encounter cultures radically different from their own and believe they cannot depend on their own taken-for-granted assumptions about life. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the practice of judging all other cultures by one's own culture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the belief that the behaviors and customs of any culture must be viewed and analyzed by the culture's own standards. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| classical music, opera, ballet, live theater, and other activities usually patronized by elite audiences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the component of culture that consists of activities, products, and services that are assumed to appeal primarily to members of the middle and working classes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the extensive infusion of one nation's culture into other nations |
|
|
