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Chapter Two Vocab
Prentice Hall Book
26
Science
8th Grade
02/26/2011

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Term
matter
Definition
is anything that has mass and takes up space
Term
substance
Definition
a single kind of matter that is pure meaning it always has a specific makeup or composition and a specific set of properties
Term
physical property
Definition
a characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it inot another substance
Term
chemical property
Definition
a characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances
Term
element
Definition
a pure substancethat cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means
Term
atom
Definition
is the basic particle from which all elements are made
Term
chemical bond
Definition
a force of attraction between two atoms when they combine
Term
molecules
Definition
groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
Term
compound
Definition
a pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio
Term
chemical formula
Definition
shows the element in the compound and the ratio of atoms
Term
mixture
Definition
is made of two or more substances elements compounds or both that are together in the same place but are not chemically combined
Term
heterogeneous mixture
Definition
a mixture where you can see different parts
Term
homogeneous mixture
Definition
a mixture where the parts are so evenly mixed that you cant see the different parts
Term
solution
Definition
an example of a homogenous mixture
Term
physical change
Definition
any change that alters the form or appearance of matter but does not make any subsany substance in the matter into a different substance
Term
chemical change
Definition
a change in matter that produces one or more new substances
Term
law of conservation of matter
Definition
the fact the matter is not createtd or destroyed in any chemical or physical change
Term
energy
Definition
is the ability to do work or cause change
Term
temperature
Definition
is a measure of the average energy of random motion of particles of matter
Term
thermal energy
Definition
the total energy of all of the in an object
Term
endothermic change
Definition
a change in which energy is taken in
Term
exothermic change
Definition
a chemical change in which energy is released
Term
chemical energy
Definition
the energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms in a form of energy
Term
electromagnetic energy
Definition
a form of energy that travels through space as waves
Term
electrical energy
Definition
is the energy of electrically charged particles moving from one place to another
Term
electrodes
Definition
a metal strip that conducts electricity
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