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Chapter One Vocab
Managerial Accounting and Cost Concepts
41
Business
Undergraduate 2
08/31/2011

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Term
Administrative Costs
Definition
All executive, organizational, and clerical costs associated with the general management of an organization rather than with manufacturing or selling.
Term
Budget
Definition
A detailed plan for the future, usually expressed in formal quantitative terms.
Term
Common Cost
Definition
A cost that is incurred to support a number of cost objects, but that cannot be traced to them individually.
Term
Control
Definition
The process of instituting procedures and then obtaining feedback to ensure that all parts of the organization are funcitoning effectively and moving toward overall company goals.
Term
Controller
Definition
The member of the top management team who is responsible for providing relevant and timely data to managers and for preparing financial statements for external users.
Term
Controlling
Definition
Actions taken to help ensure that the plan is being followed and is appropriately modified as circumstances change.
Term
Conversion Cost
Definition
Direct labor cost plus manufacturing overhead cost.
Term
Cost Behavior
Definition
The way in which a cost reacts to changes in the level of activity.
Term
Cost Object
Definition
Anything for which cost data are desired.
Term
Cost of goods manufactured
Definition
The manufacturing cost associated with the goods that were finished during the period.
Term
Differential Cost
Definition
A difference in cost between two alternatives.
Term
Differential Revenue
Definition
The difference in revenue between two alternatives.
Term
Direct Cost
Definition
A cost that can be easily and conveniently traced to a specified cost object.
Term
Directing and Motivating
Definition
Mobilizing people to carry out plans and run routine operations.
Term
Direct Labor
Definition
Factory labor costs that can be easily traced to individual units of product.
Term
Direct Materials
Definition
Materials that become an integral part of a finished product and whose costs can be conveniently traced to it.
Term
Feedback
Definition
Accounting and other reports that help managers monitor performance and focus on problems and/or opportunities that might otherwise go unnoticed.
Term
Financial Accounting
Definition
The phase of accounting concerned with providing information to stockholders, creditors, and others outside the organization.
Term
Finished Goods
Definition
Units of product that have been completed but not yet sold to customers.
Term
Fixed Cost
Definition
A cost that remains constant, in total, regardless of changes in the level of activity within the relevant range.
Term
Incremental Cost
Definition
An increase in cost between two alternatives.
Term
Indirect Cost
Definition
A cost that cannot be easily and conveniently traced to a specified cost object.
Term
Indirect Labor
Definition
The labor costs of janitors, supervisors, materials handlers, and other factor workers that cannot be conventiently traced to particular products.
Term
Indirect Materials
Definition
Small items of material such as glue and nails that may be an integral part of a finished product, but whose costs cannot be easily or conveniently traced to it.
Term
Managerial Accounting
Definition
The phase of accounting concerned with providing information to managers for use within the organization.
Term
Manufactoring Overhead
Definition
All manufacturing costs except direct materials and direct labor.
Term
Opportunity Cost
Definition
The potential benefit that is given up when one alternative is selected over another.
Term
Performance Report
Definition
A detailed report comparing budgeted data to actual data.
Term
Period Costs
Definition
Costs that are taken directly to the income statement as expenses in the period in which the are incurred or accrued.
Term
Planning
Definition
Selecting a course of action and specifying how the action will be implemented.
Term
Planning and Control Cycle
Definition
The flow of management activities through planning, directing and motivating, and controlling, and then back to planning again.
Term
Prime Cost
Definition
Direct materials cost plus direct labor cost.
Term
Product Costs
Definition
All costs that are involved in acquiring or making a product. In the case of manufactured goods, these costs consist of direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead.
Term
Raw Materials
Definition
Any materials that go into the final product.
Term
Relevant Range
Definition
The range of activity within which assumptions about variable and fixed cost behavior are valid.
Term
Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured
Definition
A schedule showing the direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead costs incurred during a period and the portion of those costs that are assigned to Work in Process and Finished Goods
Term
Segment
Definition
Any part of an organization that can be evaluated independently of other parts and about which the manager seeks financial data.
Term
Selling Costs
Definition
All costs that are incurred to secure customer orders and get the finished product or service into the hands of the customer.
Term
Sunk Costs
Definition
A cost that has already been incurred and that cannot be changed by any decision made now or in the future.
Term
Variable Cost
Definition
A cost that varies, in total, in direct proportion to changes in the level of activity. Is constant per unit.
Term
Work in Process
Definition
Units of product that are only partially complete.
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