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Chapter eight
chapter eight psychology
23
Psychology
11th Grade
09/21/2008

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Term
sensation
Definition
tha stimulation of sensory receptors and the transmission of sensory information to the brain.
Term
perseption
Definition
organization and interpretation of sensory information into meaningful experiences
Term
psychophysics
Definition
the study of the relationships between sensory experiences and the physicial stimuli that cause them
Term
absolute threshold
Definition
the weakest amount of a stimulus that a person can detect1/2 the time
Term
difference threshold
Definition
smallest change in a phsyical stimulus that can be detected between two stimuli
Term
weber's law
Definition
a phychophysics lay stating that for any change in a stimulus to be detected, a constant portion of that stimulus must be added or subtracted
Term
signal-detection theory
Definition
the study of peoples tendencies to make sorrect judgements, misses, and false alarms in the presence of stimuli
Term
pupil
Definition
the opening in the iris that regulates the amount of light entering the eye
Term
lens
Definition
a flexible, elastic, transparent oval structure that is attached to muscles that adjust the curve/focus
Term
retina
Definition
light-sensitive innermost coating of the back of the eye; contains rods, cones, and neurons that process visual stimuli
Term
optic nerve
Definition
nerve that carries impulses from retina to brain
Term
binocular fusion
Definition
the process of combining the images received from the two eyes into one image
Term
retinal desparity
Definition
a binocular use for perceiving depth based on the differences between the images stimulating each eye
Term
auditory nerve
Definition
the nerve that carries impulses from the inner ear to the brain; resulting in perception of sound
Term
vestibular system
Definition
3 semicircular canals located in teh inner ear that provide the sense of balance
Term
olfactory nerve
Definition
the nerve that transmits information about odors fromt he nose to the brain
Term
kinesthesis
Definition
the sense that provides info about the position and movement of individual body parts
Term
gestalt
Definition
the experience that somes from organizing bits and pieces of info into meaningful wholes
Term
subliminal messages
Definition
breif auditory or visual messages that are presented below the absolute threshold so the chance of perception is below 50%
Term
motion parallax
Definition
tha apparent movement of stationary objects relative to one another that occurs whe the observer changes postitions
Term
constancy
Definition
tendency to perceive certain objects in the same way regardless of changing angle, distance, or lighting
Term
illusions
Definition
perseptions that misrepresent physical stimuli
Term
ESP
Definition
a group of psychic experiences that involves perceiving or sending information (images) outside normal sensory processes or channels; includes four general abilities: telepathy, precognition, clairvoyance, and psychokinesis
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