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Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Genetics
test review
21
Biology
9th Grade
01/31/2013

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Term
What is the study of heredity?
Definition
Genetics
Term
What is heredity?
Definition
Passing traits from parents to offspring
Term
What is phenotype?
Definition
The physical appearance
Term
What is an allele?
Definition
Each of several alternative forms of a gene
Term
Which allele masks the other?
Definition
Dominant
Term
Name the allele represented by a lowercase letter?
Definition
Homozygous
Term
What is heterozygous?
Definition
Hybrid (mixed pair of alleles)
Term
What is homozygous?
Definition
Same letter alleles (gg or GG) either dominant or recessive
Term
Who is known as the "father of genetics?"
Definition
Mendel
Term
What did Mendel call the offspring of the P generation?
Definition
Parental Generation
Term
Which trait disappeared in the F1 and reappeared in the F2 generation?
Definition
Recessive
Term
How many phenotypes result from co-dominant alleles?
Definition
Three
Term
What is the law of segregation?
Definition
The two alleles for a trait separate when gametes are formed.
Term
What law states that the inheritance of the one gene has no effect on the inheritance of another gene?
Definition
Law of Independent Assortment
Term
What is the ratio for axial flowers if there are 858 total plants and 651 of them had axial flowers?
Definition
Write 651:858 then take each side and divide it by 651 and it should equal 1.32
Term
Cross a heterozygous x heterozygous
a. F1 phenotype ratio
b. Parent's phenotype
c. F1 genotype ratio
Definition
http://www.coquatranch.com/Tt%20x%20Tt%20(2).bmp
a. 1:2:1
b. Tt x Tt
c. 1:2:1 (1TT 2Tt 1tt)
Term
Cross a heterozygous x homozygous recessive
a. How many phenotypes in F1
b. Phenotype ratio
Definition
http://www.tangerinegecko.com/Genetics%20images/Punnett%20animation.jpg
a. 2
b. 2:2
Term
Cross a homozygous dominant x heterozygous
a. f1 genotypic ratio
Definition
a. 2:2 (2 TT 2 Tt)
Term
Cross a homozygous dominant x homozygous recessive
a. F1 phenotype ratio
Definition
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a. 4:0
Term
What is a test cross?
Definition
Mating or breeding of two individuals
Term
Dihybrid Cross
Definition
http://sctritonscience.com/Wilson/biolog6.gif
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