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Chapter 9
Photosynthesis and Respiration
40
Biology
10th Grade
11/10/2009

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Term
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Definition
A compound that contains three phosphate groups and is one of the main chemical compounds used to store energy in cells
Term
Two
Definition
The number of phosphate groups in adenosine disphosphate (ADP)
Term
Ridose
Definition
The name of the five-carbon sugar found in ATP
Term
Sunlight
Definition
The energy source that begins the process of photosynthesis
Term
Photon
Definition
A packet of light
Term
Light Dependent and Dark Reactions
Definition
Two other names for the Calvin cycle ______ and _______
Term
Carbon (Co2)
Definition
The gas needed for photosynthesis occur
Term
Oxygen
Definition
The gas produced as a waste product of photosynthesis
Term
Glucose
Definition
The carbon compound produced as a result of photosynthesis
Term
Chlorophyll
Definition
A primary pigment used by plants to absorb mostly violet and red wavelengths of light, but reflects green
Term
Carotenoids
Definition
Accessory pigments in plants used to absorb mostly blue and green wavelengths of light but reflect, red, orange, and yellow
Term
Thylakoid Membrane System (TMS)
Definition
The location in the cell where the light-dependent reactions occur
Term
Grana
Definition
The stacks of flattened disks that make up the thylakoid membrane system
Term
Chlorophyll
Definition
Stage one in the process of photosynthesis involves the absorption of photons by these structures in the chloroplasts
Term
Stroma
Definition
Stage two in the process of photosynthesis involves the production of glucose in this part of the chloroplasts
Term
Light Independent or Dark Reactions
Definition
A step in photosynthesis that does not require light
Term
Stroma
Definition
The location in the cell where the Calvin cycle occurs
Term
Aerobic
Definition
A type of cellular respiration that requires oxygen
Term
Anaerobic
Definition
A type of cellular respiration that does not require oxygen
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
The organelles in which the final stages of cellular respiration occur
Term
Fermentation
Definition
A type of cellular respiration that produces 2 ATP molecules, two ethyl alcohol molecules and carbon dioxide
Term
Glucose
Definition
The first molecule to be broken down in cellular respiration
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
The location in the cell where glycolysis occurs
Term
Two
Definition
The number of net ATP molecules produced during glycolysis
Term
Pyruvic Acid
Definition
Glucose is converted to this molecule during glycolysis
Term
Lactic Acid
Definition
A type of anaerobic respiration that occurs in human muscle cells during strenuous exercise
Term
Kreb Cycle and Cytric Acid Cycle
Definition
A stage of aerobic cellular respiration in which 34 molecules of ATP are produced. It can be called _______ or ______
Term
Melvin Calvin
Definition
The person who discovered the pathways of chemical reactions in the production of carbohydrates in photosynthesis
Term
Hans Kreb
Definition
The person who discovered the cycle of chemical reactions in cellular respiration
Term
Sunlight
CO2+H2O ----> C6H12O6+H2O+O2
Definition
The chemical equation for photosynthesis
Term
Cell Respiration
Definition
Oxygen+water+glucose yields ATP+carbon dioxide is the chemical equation for
Term
Alcoholic Fermentation
Definition
A type of cellular respiration used in making beer and bread
Term
Pigments
Definition
Chemicals that absorb light
Term
Stoma
Definition
The openings on the underside of the leaf that release water and oxygen
Term
Mesophyll
Definition
The cells in the middle of the leaf make up the
Term
Epidermis
Definition
The cells on the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf make up the ______ of the leaf
Term
Chloroplasts and Mitochondria
Definition
The main organelle of photosynthesis is ______ and the main organelle of cellular respiration is _______
Term
Transpiration
Definition
The process in which water and oxygen are released from the underside of a leaf
Term
Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
Definition
These types of organisms produce their own food _______. Theses types don't ______
Term
Make Their Own Food
Definition
Some protists, certain bacteria and all plants are able to
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