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Chapter 9
chapter 9 test notecards
11
Biology
9th Grade
11/10/2009

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Term
Why do we need food?
Definition

1. Energy

2. Used to make other things in the body

Term
Cellular Respiration
Definition
Process of breaking the chemical bonds in glucose and other food to release energy. the goal is to make ATP.
Term
Aerobic Respiration
Definition
-requires oxygen
-requires the mitochondria
-ex. most organisms-plants, animals, fungi, protest, and bacteria
Term
anaerobic respiration
Definition
breaking down food to release energy with no oxygen present
-no oxygen required
-no mitochondria
-ex. some bacteria, yeast, and some animal cells
Term
glycolysis
Definition
occurs in cytosol; no oxygen required in this step
Term
pyruvate
Definition
enters the mitochondrion; occurs in the matrix
Term
matrix
Definition
fluid in the mitochondrion
Term
electron transport chain
Definition
occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria
Term
fermentation
Definition
recycled NAD
-no oxygen required
-no ATP made
Term
alcoholic fermentation
Definition
produces carbon dioxide as well as alcohol. it causes bread dough to rise
ex. yeast
Term
lactic acid fermentation
Definition
is produced in your muscles during rapid exercise when the body cannot supply enough oxygen to the tissues
ex. bacteria or animal muscles
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