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Chapter 8. Social Cognition
Adult Development and Aging
23
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
06/04/2012

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Term
Accommodations
Definition
Readjustment of goals and aspirations as a way to lessen or neutralize the effects of negative self-evaluations in key domains.
Term
Age-Based Double Standards
Definition
When an individual attributes an older person's failure in memory as more serious than an memory failure observed in a young adult.
Term
Assimilation Activities
Definition
Exercises that percent of alleviate losses in domains that are personally relevant for self-esteem and identity.
Term
Causal Attributions
Definition
Explanations people construct to explain their behavior, which can be situational, dispositional, or interactive.
Term
Cognitive Style
Definition
a trait like pattern of behavior one uses when approaching a problem solving situation.
Term
Collaborative Cognition
Definition
Cognitive performance that results from the interaction of two or more individuals.
Term
Control Strategies
Definition
Behavior patterns used to obtain a sense of control over how an outcome or desired goal will be achieved.
Term
Correspondence Bias
Definition
Relying more on dispositional information in explaining behavior and ignoring compelling situational information such as extenuating circumstances.
Term
Dispositional Attribution
Definition
An explanation for someones's behavior that resides within the actor.
Term
Immunizing Mechanisms
Definition
Control Strategies that alter the effects of self-discrepant evidence.
Term
Implicit Stereotyping
Definition
Stereotyped beliefs that affect your judgments of individuals without your being aware of it.
Term
Impression Formation
Definition
The way in which people combine the components of another person's personality and come up with an integrated perception of the person.
Term
Negativity Bias
Definition
Weighing negative information more heavily than positive information in a social judgement.
Term
Patronizing Talk
Definition
Using superficial conversation, slowed speech, simple vocabulary, carefully articulated words, and a demeaning emotional tone.
Term
Personal Control
Definition
The belief that what one does has an influence on the outcome of an event.
Term
Positivity Effect
Definition
the tendency to attend to and process positive information over negative information.
Term
Primary Control
Definition
That act of bringing the environmental into line with ones own desires and goals, similar to Brandstadter's assimilation activities.
Term
Secondary Control
Definition
The act of bringing oneself in line with the environment, similar to Brandstadter's accommodation activities.
Term
Situational Attribution
Definition
An explanation for someone's behavior that is external to the actor.
Term
Social Knowledge
Definition
A cognitive structure that represents one's general knowledge about a given social concept or domain.
Term
Source Judgement
Definition
Process of accessing knowledge wherein one attempts to determine where one obtained a particular piece of information.
Term
Stereotypes
Definition
Beliefs about characteristics, attributes, and behaviors of members of certain groups.
Term
Stereotype Threat
Definition
an evoked fear of being judged in accordance with negative stereotype about a group to which an individual belongs.
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