Details Title: Chapter 8: Deviance Description: Vocabulary Total Flash Cards: 38 Created: 12/10/2008 06:59:28		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Sociology Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term What is deviance? Definition An act considered by public conscious or by the powerful at a given time and place to be a violation of some social rule.Deviance is a violation of a social norm. Determining whether an act violates this norm is determined by three main factors: time, place, and public consensus or power. Term    Homicide Deviance Definition Personal crime involving non-strangers. Takes place on weekends, lower class offenders.Guns are the most popular form of conduction Homicide Term   Drug Use Deviance Characteristics Definition Tend to be poor (help with coping, tend to ease their lives, and make them feel like they have a sense of purpose. Note: easy to access drugs) Term     Pornography deviance characteristics Definition “Obscene or sexually explicit materials in the media” Erotic nonviolent porn is not harmful, but violent porn is. Term    Corporate Crime deviance characteristics Definition Corporate crime is more profitable. Corporate offenders don’t see themselves as criminals, and society does little to punish them. Term     Mental Problems deviance characteristics Definition The poor are the most common people with mental problems because they’re stressed, and are more likely to move into lower class housing Term   Psychosis Definition Typified by loss of touch with reality Term     Neurosis Definition Characterized by a persistent fear, anxiety, or worry about trivial matters Term Homophobia deviance characteristics Definition “Prejudice and discrimination against gays and lesbians” Most Americans reject the lifestyle of them, but support their civil rights.Considered a deviance due to seeking love and pleasure over procreation Term The six types of deviances Definition Homicide, drug use, pornography, corporate crime, mental problems, and homophobia Term Durkheim: Functionalist Theory? Definition Deviance can serve as a number of factors in a society (Enhance conformity: See what the boundaries are between what is right and what is wrong, strengthen Solidarity:helps to combine the healthy in the society,provides a safety valve: Lets out tension in a mundane schedule, and induce social change: Martin Luther King Junior, Gandhi) Term Robert Merton: Strain Theory? Definition Says that the United States societies emphasize the importance of success without providing equal opportunities to achieving it, due to deviance. There's a gap between goals and responses (conformity, innovation, ritualism, and retreatism) Term Anomie Definition “Normlessness,” is a social condition in which norm as are absent, weak, or in conflict Term Travis Hirschi: Control Theory? Definition States that social control leads to conformity and therefore, the absence of control causes deviance.Hirschi states that the absence of control arises from the lack of social bonds. Term    Marginal Surplus Population Definition Superfluous or useless to the economy- and they are compelled to commit property crimes to survive Term Shaming Theory Definition Showing disapproval to remorse in the wrongdoer Term     Disintegrative Shaming Definition The wrongdoer is punished in such a way as to be stigmatized, rejected, or ostracized in effect, banished from conventional society Term     Reintegrative Shaming Definition Is more positive, and involves making wrongdoers feel guilty while showing them understanding, forgiveness, or even respect Term Power theory? Definition The powerful are more likely to engage in profitable deviance than the powerless are in unprofitable deviance because the powerful have a stronger deviant motivation, greater deviant opportunity, and a weaker social control Term    Relative Deprivation? Definition Feeling unable to achieve relatively high aspirations Term Feminist Theory of Deviance? Definition The conventional theories are only relevant to men (woman are often times the victims of deviance) Term Differential Association? Definition “ The process of acquiring through interaction with others” Term    Pro Deviant example: Definition “ It’s alright to steal when you’re poor” Term     Anti deviant example Definition “It’s not ok to steal” Term Labeling Theory: Definition Labeling one as a deviant human, may further their need to be deviant Term Primary Deviance: Definition To refer to these violations of norm as that a person commits for the first time and without considering them deviant (children breaking windows, playing hooky etc.)(- Edwin Lemett) Term    Recidivism Definition A criminal or wrongdoer who offends multiple times Term    Secondary Deviance Definition To refer to such repeated norm violations, which the violators themselves recognize as deviant (conformed or career deviance) Term Phenomenological Theory Definition We understand deviance better by looking into people’s subjective interpretations of their own deviant experiences. Deviants have a positive view on themselves Term Social Control: Definition “Is the process by which individuals are pressured by society to conform to social norms” Term Medicalization of Deviance:  Definition “Diagnosing and treating deviant behavior as a disease” (Hyperactivity in school children results in ADHD pills).Medicine is a social institution is used to control what is considered unwillfull deviance by diagnosing and treating it as a disease Term    Mesomorph Definition Human with a muscular body shape Term   Endomorph Definition A round body frame with highly fatty tissue Term     Ectomorph Definition A person with a lean and delicate body frame Term Elisabeth Kubler- Ross: “Responses to deep emotional loss” (five stages) Definition 1st stage theory: Initial Denial (Not me!) 2nd Stage: Anger at everyone (why me?) 3rd Stage: Bargaining (Give me just a little more time!) 4TH Stage: Depression + Despair 5TH Stage: Acceptance Term Steps to becoming Resocalized (three steps) Definition Desocialization – Resocialzation--- Reification Term Resocialization (five stages) Definition First Stage: Bond to new member of the group Second Stage: Screen at weaker members Third Stage: Clarifies social status and roles Fourth Stage: Sustains cultural traditions Fifth Stage: Instructs new members Term Definition