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Chapter 8
Mounds and Maize
37
History
Undergraduate 2
11/04/2007

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Cards

Term
MESOAMERICA
Definition
area of Middle American includes Mexico and Central America
Term
MESOAMERICA DOMESTICATES
Definition
maize, squash, beans
Term
MAIZE
Definition
corn
Term
TEOCINTE
Definition
ancient wild relative of maize
Term
GUILA NAQUITZ
Definition
first site of maize dating 6,250-5,500 ya
Term
AMS DATES
Definition
radio carbon dating of small samples
Term
SIGNIFICANCE OF SQUASH
Definition
earliest plant domesticated, thicker rinds and orange in color
Term
COXCATLAN CAVE
Definition
site where oldest beans have been found 2,500ya
Term
TEHUACAN VALLEY
Definition
hunter-gatherer societies turned into villages
Term
R. MACNEISH
Definition
studied Tehuacan Valley in 1960's
Term
DOMESTICATES OF THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEST
Definition
maize and squash
Term
LATE ARCHAIC PERIOD
Definition
period 3,400ya
Term
CERRO JUANAQUENA
Definition
large site in N. Mexico with 8km high walls
Term
RIO CASAS GRANDE
Definition
maize agriculture higher rate of return than wild grass
Term
JORNADA MOGOLLON
Definition
lower rainfall, low returns for maize
Term
OPTIMAL FORAGING THEORY
Definition
choices ppl make reflect self-interest to maximize efficiency
Term
LAS CAPAS
Definition
series of canals discovered
Term
WHITE DOG CAVE
Definition
2 mummified dogs found with human burials
Term
FORMATIVE PERIOD
Definition
when pottery was introduced
Term
SHABIK'ESCHEE VILLAGE
Definition
60 pit houses and storage pits found
Term
FREMONT CULTURE
Definition
diversity and ecological conditions
Term
ADENA/EARLY WOODLAND
Definition
increasing large burial mounds and burial practices
Term
HOPEWELL/MIDDLE WOODLAND
Definition
trade network that moved goods long distances
Term
E. NORTH AMERICA DOMESTICATES
Definition
squash, chenopod, marsh, and sunflower
Term
SHELL MIDDENS
Definition
sites built up with discarded shells
Term
CHENOPODIUM
Definition
domesticated
Term
INDIAN KNOLL
Definition
large shell midden site in Kentucky thousands of burials discovered
Term
POVERTY POINT
Definition
non local goods discovered, showed trade network
Term
BRIAN HAYDEN'S MODEL OF ORIGINS OF AGRICULTURE
Definition
competitive feasting as a stimulus for agricultural production
Term
LIBERTY EARTHWORKS
Definition
2 circular enclosures at Hopewell site
Term
VACANT CENTER PATTERN
Definition
earthworks served as symbolic and ceremonial core of community
Term
NEWARK EARTHWORKS
Definition
occupied earthwork in Ohio
Term
ISOTOPE ANALYSIS
Definition
bone chemistry can determine role of maize in diet
Term
AGENCY THEORY  
Definition
individuals
Term
BRUCE SMITH
Definition
plants domesticated by themselves
Term
GUY PRENTICE
Definition
intentional actions of domestication
Term
WATSON AND KENNEDY
Definition
gender bias towards males
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