Term
| Cells that perform exocrine function |
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Definition
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Term
| Enzyme secreted by the pancreas to aid in the digestion of carbohydrates |
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Definition
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Term
| Lies in teh midepigastrium anterior to the superior mesenteric artery and vein, aorta and IVC |
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Definition
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Term
| Branch of the splenic artery that supplies the tail of the pancreas |
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Definition
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Term
| Forms the right superior border of the head of the pancreas |
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Definition
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Term
| Forms the right superior border of the body and head of the gland and gives rise to the gastroduodenal artery |
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Definition
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Term
| A hereditary disease that causes excessive production of thick mucus by the endocrine glands, identified as fatty replacement of the glands |
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Definition
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Term
| Enlargement of the GB caused by a slow progressive obstructio of the distal CBD from an external mass |
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Definition
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Term
| Branch of the splenic artery that supplies the body of the pancreas |
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Definition
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Term
| Small accessory duct of the pancreas found in the head of the pancreas |
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Definition
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Term
| Largest duct of the pancreas that drains the tail, body, and head of the gland; it joins the CBD to enter the duodenum through the ampulla of vater |
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Definition
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Term
| The endocrine function is production of insulin |
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Definition
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Term
| Production and digestion of pancreatic juices; primary function of the pancreas |
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Definition
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Term
| Stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose; produced by alpha cells |
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Definition
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Term
| Lies in the C-loop of the duodenum; the gastroduodenal artery is the anterolateral border and the CBD is the posterolateral border |
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Definition
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Term
| Elevated levels of calcium in the blood |
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Definition
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Term
| Congenital condition in which elevated fat levels cause pancreatitis |
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Definition
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Term
| Dialted loops of bowel w/ out peristalsis; associated with various abdominal problems, including pancreatitis, sickle cell crisis and bowel obstruction |
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Definition
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Term
| Hormone that causes glycogen formation from glucose in the liver and allows cells within insulin receptors to take up glucose to decrease blood sugar |
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Definition
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Term
| Small cells that comprise the endocrine portion of the pancreas for the production of insulin, glucagon and somatostratin |
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Definition
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Term
| An abnormal increase in WBC caused by infection |
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Definition
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Term
| Pancreatic enzyme that breaks down fats |
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Definition
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Term
| What enzyme is pancreatitis and remains increased longer than amylase? |
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Definition
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Term
| A malignant neoplasm that rises from the lymphoid tissues? |
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Definition
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Term
| Small area of the pancreas between the head and the body; anterior to the superior mesenteric vein? |
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Definition
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Term
| Small area of the pancreas between the head and the body; anterior to the superior mesenteric vein? |
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Definition
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Term
| Excessive bilirubin in the bloodstream caused by an obstruction of bile from the liver; characterized by a yellow discoloration of the sclera of the eye, skin and mucous membranes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Occurs when the pancreatic pseudocyst ruptures into the abdomen; free-floating pancreatic enzymes are very dangerous to surrounding structures |
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Definition
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Term
| "Sterile Abscess" collection of pancreatic enzymes that accumulate in the available space in the abdomen? |
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Definition
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Term
| Help supple blood to the pancreas along with splenic artery? |
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Definition
| Pancreaticoduodenal arteries |
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Term
| Inflammation of the pancreas; may be acute or chronic? |
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Definition
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Term
| Junction of the splenic and main portal vein; posterior border of the body of the pancreas? |
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Definition
| Portal-splenic confluence |
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Term
| A space or cavity that contains fluid but has no true endothelial lining membrane? |
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Definition
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Term
| Pancreatic enzyme that is elevated during pancreatitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Serves as the posterior border to the body of the pancreas? |
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Definition
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Term
| Lies posterior to the neck/body of teh pancreas and anterior to the uncinate process of the pancreas? |
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Definition
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Term
| Tapered at the end of the pancreas that lies in the left hypochondrium near the hilus of the spleen and upper pole of the left kidney? |
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Definition
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Term
| Small, curved tip of the pancreatic head that lies posterior to the SMV? |
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Definition
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Term
| The pancreas is located in the _______ cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| The pancreas appears sonographically ____________ than the hepatic parenchyma? |
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Definition
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Term
| The major posterior vascular landmarks of the pancreas are the ________ and ________? |
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Definition
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Term
| The head of the pancreas lies _________ to the IVC? |
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Definition
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Term
| What crosses anterior to the uncinate process of the head of the gland and posterior to the neck of the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| The tortuous ____________ is superior border of the pancreas? |
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Definition
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Term
| The tail of the pancreas is more difficult to image because it lies anterior to the left kidney and posterior to the left ___________ and ___________? |
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Definition
Colic flexure
Transverse Colon |
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Term
| The ___________ receives tributaries from the lobules at right angles and enters the medial second part of the duodenum with the CBD at the amupulla of vater? |
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Definition
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Term
| The blood supply of the pancreas is from the _______ and __________ arteries? |
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Definition
Splenic
Pancreaticduodenal |
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Term
| The _________ artery is seen along the anterolateral border of the pancreas as it travels a short distance along the anterior aspect of the pancreatic head? |
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Definition
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Term
| The ________ duct crosses the anterior aspect of the portal vein to the right of the proper hepatic artery? |
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Definition
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Term
| The portal vein is ________ to the IVC? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Failure of the pancreas to furnish sufficient insulin leads to __________? |
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Definition
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Term
| Exocrine function is performed by ___________ of the pancreas? |
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Definition
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Term
| The endocrine function is located in the __________? |
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Definition
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Term
| The beta cells are more prevelant and produce _________? |
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Definition
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Term
| What hormone causes glycogen formation from glucose in the liver? |
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Definition
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Term
| Alpha cells produce ________? |
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Definition
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Term
| What hormone causes the cells to release glucose to meet the energy needs of the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do delta cells produce? |
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Definition
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Term
| There are specific enzymes of the pancreas that may become altered in the pancreatic disease which are? |
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Definition
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Term
| Both amylase and lipase rise at the same rate, but the elevation in ________ concentration persists for a longer period in pancreatitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What controls the blood sugar level in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| This occurs when the pancreas becomes damaged and malfunctions as a result of increased secretion and blockage of ducts? |
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Definition
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Term
| An acute attack of pancreatitis is commonly related to __________ and _________? |
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Definition
Alcholism
Biliary tract disease |
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Term
| The patient with pancreatitis typically presents with moderate to severe tenderness int eh __________ radiating to the __________? |
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Definition
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Term
| When swelling does occur, the gland is hypoechoic to anechoic and is less echogenic than the liver because of the increased prominence of __________ and ________? |
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Definition
Lobulations
Congested vessels |
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Term
| The pancreatic duct may be obstructed in acute pancreatitis as a result of? |
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Definition
Inflammatin
Spasm
Edema
Psuedocyst
Swelling of the papilla |
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Term
| Fluid collection around the pancreatic duct, along the pararenal spaces, within the Morrison's pouch, and around the duodenum may be present in a patient with ___________? |
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Definition
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Term
| Patients with acute pancreatitis may develop complications such as? |
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Definition
Psuedocyst
Abscess
Hemorrhage
Duodenal obstruction
Phlegmon |
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Term
| Necrosis of the blood vessels results in the development of hemorrhage areas referred to as___________ sign? |
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Definition
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Term
| An inflammatory process that spreads along fascial pathways, causing localized areas of diffuse inflammatory edema of soft tissue is known as ? |
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Definition
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Term
| The ___________ become obstructed with a buidup of protein plugs with resultant calcifications along the duct in chronic pancreatitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| The most common primary neoplasm of the pancreas is? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common location of a psuedocyst? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does a psuedocyst develope? |
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Definition
| When pancreatic enzymes escape from the gland and break down tissue to form a sterile abscess somewhere in the abdomen |
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Term
| What are the clinical findings in a patient with carcinoma of the pancreas? |
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Definition
Weight loss
Painless jaundice
nausea, vomiting
Changes in the stool |
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Term
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Definition
Rare
More common in women
Benign |
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Term
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Definition
Rare
Middle aged women
Body & tail
foci of calcification
malignant |
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Term
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Definition
aka Mucinous Cystic Tumor
More common in women
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Term
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Definition
| Most primary neoplasm of the pancreas |
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Term
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Definition
Insulinoma *most common
Gastrinoma |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Causes of acute pancreatitis |
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Definition
Trauma
Drugs
Thrombosis, embolism |
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Term
| Symptoms of acute pancreatitis |
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Definition
Abdominal pain
fever
Leukocytes up
Amylase up
Lipase up |
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Term
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Definition
| controls blood sugar levels in body |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Normal measurements of the pancreas |
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Definition
12-18 (15) length
3 head
2.5 neck
2.5 body
2 tail |
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Term
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Definition
Islets of langerhan
alpha
beta
somostatin
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Term
Pancreas located
Posterior?
Anterior?
Inferior? |
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Definition
stomach
portal vein
Splenic vein |
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Term
| Pancreas lies anatomically? |
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Definition
Horizontal & oblique
from duodenum to spleen |
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Term
| Surrounding vasculature to pancreas? |
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Definition
Aorta
IVC
SMA
SMV
SPV
PV
CBD
GDA
LRV
Stomach
Deodenal bulb |
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Term
| What is the growth for endocrine pancreatic neoplasm |
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Definition
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Term
| Most common place for an aneurysm? |
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Definition
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Term
| Specialized cell in the islets? |
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Definition
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Term
| Glucagon is what type of cell |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function for glucagon? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of cell is Insulin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of insulin? |
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Definition
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Term
| what type of cell is somatostatin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of somatostatin? |
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Definition
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Term
| Lipase levels rise in what diagnosis? |
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Definition
Acute pancreatitis
Carcinoma of the pancreas |
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Term
| Increase is glucose is found in what diagnosis? |
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Definition
diabetes
chronic liver disease
over activity of endocrine glands |
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Term
| Most common primary neoplasm of the pancreas is? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most functioning islet cell tumor? |
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Definition
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Term
| 2nd most functioning islet cell tumor? |
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Definition
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Term
| Most common stone formed in the body? |
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Definition
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