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chapter 7 section 1 review
jabria sloman
18
Biology
9th Grade
11/09/2012

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Term
cell membrane
Definition
a phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
the region of the cell within the membrane that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton, and all of the organelles except the nucleus
Term
ribosome
Definition
a cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis
Term
prokaryote
Definition
a single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles; examples are archaea and bacteria
Term
eukaryote
Definition
an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane, multiple chromosomes, and a mitotic cycle; eukaryotes include protists, animals, plants, and fungi but not archaea or bacteria
Term
nucleus
Definition
in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction
Term
organelle
Definition
one of the small bodies that are found in the cytoplasm of a cell and that are specialized to perform a specific function
Term
vesicle
Definition
a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell; forms when part of the cell membrane surrounds the materials to be taken into the cell or transported within the cell
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids
Term
golgi apparatus
Definition
a cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell
Term
vacuole
Definition
a fluid-filled vesicle found in the cytoplasm of plant cells or protists
Term
chloroplast
Definition
an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
Term
mitochondrion
Definition
in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration, which produces ATP
Term
flagellum
Definition
a long, hairlike structure that grows out of a cell and enables the cell to move
Term
tissue
Definition
a group of similar cells that perform a common function
Term
organ
Definition
a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
Term
organ system
Definition
a group of organs that work together to perform body functions
Term
colonial organism
Definition
a collection of genetically identical cells that are permanently associated but in which little or no integration of cell activities occurs
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