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| membrane bound compartments providing different internal environment than rest of cell |
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| all cells have what surrounding the cell and some organelles |
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| the two major groups of cells |
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| the two domains of prokaryotes |
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| long fibers that give structure to cell. function: maintain shape, support membrane, keep organelles in place. movement: cell division, vesicle transport in cell, entire cell (crawling, cilia, flagella). structure: --> protein (3 filament types - classified by size) -smallest to largest |
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| actin filaments (microfilaments) |
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| protein subunits: actin. structure: strants in double helix |
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| protein subunits: keratin, vimentin, lamin, others. structure: fibers ound into thicker cables. makes hair, finernails |
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| subunits: alpha-tubulin and betal-tubulin dimers. structure: hollow tube, - and + ends |
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actin is a protein.
maintain cell shape
cell movements (pseudopodia) along with protein myosin
cell division |
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| network of membrane continuous with outer nuclear membrane – lots of folds and spaces |
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| space inside tube, hollow organ or organelle |
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| no ribosomes. site of lipid metabolism (synthesis and breakdown) |
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| structure: protein keratin plus others network of support beams for cell shape anchors organelles |
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| studded with ribosomes site of protein synthesis |
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flattened, membrane sacs
cis surface close to ER – picks up products from ER
trans surface – ships to destination
site of protein modification (label for destination) |
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| microtubules - alpha and beta tubulin dimers |
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| resist compression, sort chromosomes in cell division, movement of cilia and flagella – along with protein dynein, move organelles – esp. vesicles – requires protein kinesis + ATP |
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| site of DNA storage and use multiple chromosomes stored as chromatin = DNA plus proteins heterochromatin = supercoiled euchromatin – unwound |
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function is formation of organic molecules using the sun's energy= photosynthesis -double membrane -thylakoids-stacks (grana) of membrane disks -3 functional spaces -circular DNA along with ribosomes-production of own particles -grow and divide independently of cell |
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