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Chapter 7
Economics Chapter 7 Vocab
28
Economics
12th Grade
12/13/2010

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Term
Sole Proprietorship
Definition
A business owned and operated by one person. This is the oldest, simplest, and most common type of business organization. 
Term
Zoning Laws
Definition
Specify the areas of a city or county where various types of business activities can be pursued. 
Term
Liability
Definition
Responsibility for all debts.
Term
Collateral
Definition
Anything of value that a borrower agrees to give up if he or she is not able to repay a loan. 
Term
Longevity
Definition
The length of a firm's life, or the amount of time the business operates. 
Term
Partnership
Definition
A business that is owned and controlled by two or more people. 
Term
General Partnership
Definition
Partners enjoy equal decision-making authority.
Term
Limited Partnership
Definition
Partners join as investors who provide financial capital in exchange for a share of the profits. 
Term
Corporations
Definition
Legally distinct from their owners and are treated as if they were individuals.
Term
Articles of Incorporation
Definition
Apply for a state license.
Term
Corporate Charter
Definition
Grant a license
Term
Board of Directors
Definition
The corporation's key decision making body. This can be made up of people from inside or outside the company. 
Term
Stock
Definition
Represents ownership of the firm.
Term
Shares
Definition
Ownership is issued in portions
Term
Dividends
Definition
The profits paid to you as a shareholder.
Term
Common Stock
Definition
Provides shareholders with a voice in how the company is run and a share in any potential dividends. 
Term
Preferred Stock
Definition
Provides guaranteed dividends-paid before any received by holders of common stock-but does not grant shareholders a voice in running the corporation. 
Term
Corporate Bond
Definition
A certificate issued by a corporation in exchange for money borrowed from an investor.
Term
Principal
Definition
The actual amount of money that was borrowed.
Term
Interest
Definition
The amount of money that the borrower must par for the use of those funds.
Term
Merger
Definition
Occurs when one company joins with or absorbs another.
Term
Horizontal Combination
Definition
A merger between two or more companies producing the same good or service.
Term
Vertical Combination
Definition
A merger between two or more companies involved  in different production phases of the same good or service.
Term
Conglomerate Combination
Definition
A merger of companies producing unrelated products.
Term
Subsidiaries
Definition
Distinct divisions
Term
Franchise
Definition
An enterprise that uses the original company's name to sell goods and services.
Term
Cooperatives
Definition
Businesses that are owned collectively by their members.
Term
Nonprofit Organization
Definition
Works in a businesslike way to provide goods and services while pursuing other goals.
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