Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*All living things are composed of cells.
*Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
*New cells are produced from existing cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA and with it the coded instructions for making proteins and other important material |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cells that contain a nucleus in which their genetic material is separated from the rest of the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cells that have genetic material not contained in a nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "little organs" in a cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| portion of the cell outside the nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| composed of two membranes and surrounds the nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
granular material you see in the nucleus.
consists of DNA bound protein. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When a cell divides the chromatin condenses to form chromosomes which are distinct, threadlike structures that contain the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a small, dense region where the assembly of ribosomes begins. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm.
produce proteins by following coded instruction that comes from the nucleus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the site where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, along with proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| proteins produced in the rough ER move next to the golgi apparatus. it's function is to modify, sort, and package proteins and other materials from the ER for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small organelles filled with enzymes. function = breakdown, digestion of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| saclike structure that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape; also involved in movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division.
*not found in plant cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| regulates what enters and leaves the cell and also provides protection and support. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strong supporting layer around the cell membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
double-layered sheet.
gives the cell membrane a flexible structure that forms a strong barrier between the cell and its surroundings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the mass of solute in a given volume of a solution, or mass/volume. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| particles more from an area of more concentration to an area of less concentration. because diffusion depends upon random particle movements, substances diffuse across membranes without requiring the cell to use energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| concentration of the solute is the same throughout a system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| concentrations of water and sugar will be the same on both sides of the membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| solution has a higher solute concentration than the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lower solute concentration than the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| molecules such as glucose, that cannot diffuse across the cell membrane's lipid bilayer on their own move through protein channels instead. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"cell eating"
extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tiny pockets form along the cell membrane, fill with liquid, and pinch off to form vacuoles within the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the membrane of the vacuole surrounding the material fuses with the cell membrane, forcing the contents out of the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cells throughout an organism can develop in different ways to perform different tasks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of smaller cells that perform a particular function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of organs that work together |
|
|
