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CHAPTER 7
Signs & symptoms
45
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
03/04/2014

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Term
anosmia
Definition
lack of the sense of smell
Term
anoxia
Definition
unable to obtain oxygen from inhaled air
Term
aphonia
Definition
unable to produce sound
Term
apnea
Definition
not breathing
Term
asphyxia
Definition
lack of oxygen; can lead to unconsciousness and death
Term
aspiration
Definition
withdrawing fluid using suction; removing phlegm from patient's airway; inhaling food or liquid into trachea
Term
bradypnea
Definition
breathing too slowly; low respiratory rate
Term
bronchiectasis
Definition
having dialated bronchi
Term
bronchospasm
Definition
involuntary contraction of smooth muscle in bronchial walls
Term
cheyne-stokes respiration
Definition
abnormal breathing pattern with long periods of apnea followed by deep and rapid breathing
Term
clubbing
Definition
abnormal widening and thickening of fingers due to chronic oxygen deficiency
Term
crackles
Definition
abnormal crackling sound during inspiration; indicates fluid or mucus in airway; also called rales
Term
cyanosis
Definition
blue skin caused by low oxygen in blood
Term
dysphonia
Definition
diffiuculty producing sound
Term
dyspnea
Definition
difficult or labored breathing
Term
epistaxis
Definition
a nosebleed
Term
eupnea
Definition
normal breathing and respiratory rate
Term
hemoptysis
Definition
cough up blood or blood-stained sputum
Term
hemothorax
Definition
presence of blood in the chest cavity
Term
hypercapnia
Definition
excessive carbon dioxide in the body
Term
hyperpnea
Definition
taking deep breaths
Term
hyperventilation
Definition
breathing too fast and too deep
Term
hypocapnia
Definition
insufficient levels of carbon dioxide in the blood
Term
hypopnea
Definition
taking shallow breaths
Term
hypoventilation
Definition
breathing too slow and too shallow
Term
hypoxemia
Definition
having insufficient oxygen in the bloodstream
Term
hypoxia
Definition
receiving insufficient amount of oxygen from inhaled air
Term
laryngoplegia
Definition
paralysis of the muscles controlling the larynx
Term
orthopnea
Definition
difficulty breathing made worse by lying flat; patient breaths better sitting up
Term
pansinusitis
Definition
inflammatioin of all the paranasal sinsuses
Term
patent
Definition
open or unblocked
Term
phlegm
Definition
thick mucus secreted by respiratory tract
Term
pleural rub
Definition
grating sound made when layers of pleura rub together during respiration
Term
pleurodynia
Definition
pleural pain
Term
pyothorax
Definition
presence of pus in the chest cavity
Term
rhinitis
Definition
inflammation of the nasal caivity
Term
rhinorrhagia
Definition
rapid flow of blood from the nose
Term
rhinorrhea
Definition
fluid discharge from the nose; runny nose
Term
rhonchi
Definition
musical sound during expiration; caused by bronchial tube spasms
Term

shortness of breath

SOB

Definition
indicates that a patient is having difficulty breathing; also called dyspnea
Term
sputum
Definition
phlegm coughed up from respiratory tract
Term
stridor
Definition
harsh, high-pitched breath sound; indicates obstruction in the airway
Term
tachypnea
Definition
breathing fast; high respiratory rate
Term
thoracalgia
Definition
chest pain; not angina pectoris
Term
tracheostenosis
Definition
narrowing of the trachea
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