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Chapter 7
dwijnjbkovjdfnojk
13
Biology
9th Grade
10/07/2009

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Term
cytoplasm
Definition
material inside the cell membrane—not including the nucleus
Term
nuclear envelope
Definition
layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of a cell
Term
chromatin
Definition
granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins
Term
chromosome
Definition
threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
Term
nucleolus
Definition
small, dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of proteins begins
Term
ribosome
Definition
small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
internal membrane system in cells in which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified
Term
Golgi apparatus
Definition
stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
Term
lysosome
Definition
cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell
Term
vacuole
Definition
cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
Term
mitochondrion
Definition
cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
Term
chloroplast
Definition
organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
Term
cytoskeleton
Definition
network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement
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