Term
| Small polypoid projections from the gallbladder wall |
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Definition
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Term
| Small opening in the duodenum in which the pancreatic and common bile duct enter to release secretions |
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Definition
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Term
| Yellow pigment in the bile formed by the breakdown of red blood cells |
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Definition
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Term
| Inflammation of the bile duct |
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Definition
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Term
| Removal of the gallbladder |
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Definition
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Term
| Inflammation of the gallbladder; may be acute or chronic |
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Definition
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Term
| Hormone secreted into the body by the mucosa of the upper small intestine; stimulates contraction of the gallbladder and pancreatic secretion of enzymes |
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Definition
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Term
| Dilation of the common duct that may cause obstruction |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Gallstones in the gallbladder |
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Definition
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Term
| Variant of adenomyomatosis; cholesterol polyps |
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Definition
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Term
| Extends from the point where the common hepatic duct meets the cystic duct; drains into the duodenum after it joins with the main pancreatic duct |
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Definition
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Term
| Refers to common bile or hepatic ducts when cystic duct is not seet |
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Definition
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Term
| Bile duct system that drains the liver into the common bile duct |
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Definition
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Term
| Connects the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Small part of the gallbladder that lies near the cystic duct where stones may collect |
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Definition
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Term
| Tiny valves found within the cystic duct |
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Definition
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Term
| Massive enlargement of the gallbladder |
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Definition
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Term
| excessive bilirubin accumulation causes yellow pigmentation of the skin; first seen in the whites of the eyes |
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Definition
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Term
| Small septum within the gallbladder, usually arising from the posterior wall |
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Definition
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Term
| Cancer at the biforcation of the hepatic ducts; may cause asymmetric obstruction of the biliary tree |
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Definition
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Term
| Travels horizontally through the pancreas to join the common bile duct at the amulla of vater |
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Definition
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Term
| Gallbladder variant in which part of the fundus is vent back on itself |
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Definition
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Term
| Small, well defined soft tissue projectio from the gallbladder wall |
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Definition
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Term
| Calcification of the gallbladder wall |
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Definition
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Term
| Central area of the liver where the portal vein, common, and hepatic artery enter |
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Definition
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Term
| Low-level echoes found along the posterior margin of the gallbladder; move with changes in position |
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Definition
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Term
| Small muschle that guards the ampulla of vater |
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Definition
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Term
| Sonographic patter found when the gallbladder is packed with stones |
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Definition
| WES - wall echo shadow sign |
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Term
| How big in diameter is the common hepatic duct? |
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Definition
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Term
| How big in diameter is the common bile duct? |
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Definition
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Term
| How big in diameter is the cystic duct? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| URQ, close to visceral surface of the liver |
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Term
| What size is the GB usually? |
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Definition
2.5-4cm wide
7-10cm long
3mm thick |
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Term
| What happens to the GB when the stomach is emptied? |
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Definition
duodenal peristalsis diminishes
gb relaxes
sphincter of oddi opens
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Term
| The common hepatic duct is joined by the cystic duct to form the ? |
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Definition
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Term
| The CBD is joined by the main pancreatic duct, and together they open through a small _______________ into the duodenal wall? |
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Definition
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Term
| The arterial supply of the GB is from the _______________ artery, which is a branch of the right hepatic artery? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 2 primary functions of the extrahepatic biliary tract? |
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Definition
1.To transport bile from the liver to the intestines
2.Regulation of it's flow |
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Term
| Bile is the principle medium for excretion of bilirubin and ____________? |
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Definition
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Term
| The _______ from the small intestines stimulate the liver to make more bile. This activates intestinal and pancreatic enzymes. |
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Definition
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Term
| The sign that indicates an extrahepatic mass compressing the common bile duct, which can produce an enlarged gallbladder, is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sonographically, the CBD lies? |
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Definition
| Anterior and to the right of the portal vien |
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Term
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Definition
| Anterior and to the left of the portal vien |
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Term
| On sagittal scans, the right branch of the hepatic artery usually passes __________ to the common duct? |
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Definition
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Term
| The common duct is seen just _________ to the portal vein before it dips posteriorly to enter the head of the pancreas? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the sonographic findings for sludge? |
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Definition
low level echoes layering in dependant part of GB.
Looks like sand
Changes with patient position |
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Term
| What are the sonographic findings for Acute Cholecystitis? |
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Definition
Dialation and rounding of GB
+ Murphy sign
Thick GB wall
stones
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Term
| Sonographic signs for Chronic Cholecystitis? |
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Definition
Contraction of GB
Stones
WES sign |
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Term
| Sonographic signs for Acalculous Choleystitis? |
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Definition
Dialation of GB
+ Murphy sign
Thick GB wall
Edema
Sludge
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Term
| Sonographic findings for Emphysematous Cholocystitis? |
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Definition
Bright echo in area of GB with ring down/comet tail.
May appear as WES |
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Term
| Sonographic findings for Gangrenous Cholecystitis? |
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Definition
Medium to course echogenics
No shadow
No gravity dependent
No layering |
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Term
| Sonographic findings for Cholelithiasis? |
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Definition
Dialated GB
Thick walls
Hyperechoic intraluminal echoes
WES sign
Gravity dependent calcifications in GB |
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Term
| Sonographic findings for Choledochal Cysts? |
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Definition
Localized dialated cystic CBD
Diverticulum of CBD
Invagination of CBD
Dialated CBD and CHD |
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Term
| Songraphic findings for Adenoma of the GB |
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Definition
near fundus
No change with position
No shadow produced |
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Term
| Sonographic findings for Adenomyomatosis of the GB? |
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Definition
Papillomas may occur
No change with position
"Comet tail" artifact |
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Term
| Sonographic findings for Porcelain GB? |
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Definition
| GB wall thick, calcified with shadowing |
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Term
| Sonographic findings for Choledocholithiasis? |
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Definition
Echogenic structures in extrahepatic duct
Dialated biliary tree |
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