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Chapter 7 Science
vocab
29
Science
9th Grade
11/07/2007

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Term
native elements
Definition
metallic minerals
Term
compounds
Definition
two or more elements
Term
ore
Definition
a natural material whose concentration of economically valuable minerals is high enough for th ematerail to be mined profitably
Term
contact metamorphism
Definition
a process that occurs when magma comes into contact with existing rock.
Term
veins
Definition
narrow zones of rock
Term
lode
Definition
a mineral deposit within a rock formation
Term
placer deposits
Definition
a deposit that contains a valuable mineral that has been concentrated by mechanical action.
Term
gemstones
Definition
a mineral, rock, or organic material that can be used as jewelry or an ornament when it is cut and polished.
Term
nodules
Definition
lumps of minerals of the deep ocean floor that contain iron.
Term
nonrenewable resources
Definition
a resource that forms at a rate that is much slower than the rate at which it is consumed.
Term
hydrocarbons
Definition
compounds of carbon adn hydrogen
Term
peat
Definition
the partial decomposition of plant remains forms a brownish-black material
Term
lignite
Definition
peat is buried by other sediment. As heat an dpressure increase, peat becomes lignite. also called brown coal
Term
bituminous coal
Definition
increased temperature and pressure turn lignite into bituminous coal, which is 80% carbon. Bituminous coal is also called soft coal.
Term
Anthracite
Definition
Under high temperature adn pressure conditions, bituminious coal eventuallyu becomes antracite which is the hardest form of coal.
Term
nuclear fission
Definition
the process by which the nucleus of a heavy atom splits into two or more fragments; the process releases neutrons and energy.
Term
nuclear fusion
Definition
the process by which nuclei of small atoms combine to form new, more massive nuclei; the process releases energy.
Term
renewable resources
Definition
a natural resource that can be replaced at the same rate at which the resouce is consumed.
Term
geothermal energy
Definition
the energy produced by heat within Earth.
Term
solar energy
Definition
the energy recived by Earth for the sun in th eform of radiation.
Term
hydroelectric energy
Definition

electrical energy produced by the flow of water

Term
biomass
Definition
plant material, manure, or any ofther organic matter that is used as an energy source.
Term
conservation
Definition
the preservation adn wise use of natural resources
Term
recycling
Definition
the process of recovering valuable or useful materials from waste or scrap; the process of reusing some items
Term
coal
Definition
sedimentary rock with carbon
Term
fossil fuels
Definition
primarily carbon and hydrogen
Term
natural gas
Definition
fossil fuel of mostly methane
Term
petroleum
Definition
complex mixture of hydrocarbon oil
Term
acid precipitation
Definition
precipitation such as rain sleet or snow that contains a high concentration of acids often because of the pollution of the atmosphere
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