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| releasing energy by breaking complex molecules down into simpler ones |
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| consuming energy by building complicated molecules from simpler ones |
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| stored energy, due to position or structure |
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| reaction that proceeds with a net release of energy (negative delta H) |
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| reaction that absorbs energy from the surroundings to proceed |
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| use of an exergonic process to drive an endergonic one |
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| ATP (adenosine triphosphate) |
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| energy of the cell, made of adenine + ribose + 3 phosphate groups |
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| phosphorylated intermediate |
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| recipient molecule that receives a phosphate from ATP making it more reactive than the original molecule |
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| chemical agent that changes the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction |
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| energy required to break bonds in the reactant molecules and start a reaction |
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| the reactant an enzyme acts on |
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| region of the enzyme that binds to the substrate |
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| change in shape of the active site once the substrate binds causing a tighter bond |
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| non-protein helper molecules of enzymes (iron, zinc, copper) |
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| organic helper molecule of enzymes (vitamins) |
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| molecule that resembles the normal substrate molecule and compete for admission into the active site |
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| molecule that doesn't directly compete with the substrate at the active site, but impeded enzymatic reactions by binding to another part of the enzyme |
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| specific receptor site on some part of the enzyme molecule remote from the active site |
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| switching off of a metabolic pathway by its end product, which acts as an inhibitor or an enzyme |
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| binding of a substrate to one polypeptide of a protein, triggers a favorable conformational change to all other subunits of the enzyme |
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