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Chapter 6 flashcards111
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29
Science
7th Grade
10/03/2013

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Term
stress
Definition
a force that acts on rock to change it's shape or volume.
Term
Tension
Definition
pulls on the crust streching rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle
Term
compression
Definition
squeezes rock until it folds and breakes
Term
shearing 
Definition
stress that pushes a mass of rock into two directions
Term
normal fault
Definition
tension in Earth's crust pulls rock apart
Term
hanging wall
Definition
a block of rock that lies above
Term
footwall
Definition
the rock that lies below
Term
reverse fault
Definition
has the same structure as a normal fault
Term
strike- slip fault
Definition
the rocks on either side of the fault slippat each other side- ways
Term
anticline
Definition
a fold in rock that bends upward into an arch
Term
syncline
Definition
a fold in a rock that bends downward to form a valley
Term
plateau
Definition
is a large area of flat land elvated high above sea level
Term
earthquake
Definition
is the shaking and the trembling that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's serface
Term
focus
Definition
is the area beneath Earths serface were rock is under stress brakes
Term
epicenter
Definition
the piont on the serface  directly above the focus
Term
P wave
Definition
are seismic waves  that compress  and exstend the ground like an accordion
Term
S waves
Definition
are seismic waves  that viberate from side to side as well up and down
Term
surface wave
Definition
move more slowly then S and P waves
Term
mercalli scale
Definition
was developed to rate earthquakes according to the level of damage at any givin place
Term
magnitude
Definition
is a number  tha geologist assign to an earthquake based on the earthquakes size
Term
Richter scale
Definition
is a rateing of an earths magnitude based on the size of the earthquakes seismic waves
Term
seismograph
Definition
siesmic waves are mesured
Term
monet megnitude scale
Definition
a rateing system that estimate the total energy relased by an earthquake
Term
seismogarm
Definition
the pattern of lines
Term
friction
Definition
is the force that opposes the motion of one surface as it moves across anthor surface
Term
liquefraction
Definition
occurs when an earthquakes violemt shakeing suddently turns loose
Term
aftershock
Definition
an eartquake that occurs after a larger earth in the same area
Term
tsunami
Definition
water displayed by the earthquake may form a larger wave
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