Term
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Definition
| the ability to store and retrieve information over time |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which we transform what we percieve, think, or feel into an enduring memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of maintaining information in memory over time |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of bringing to mind information that has been previously encoded and stored |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of actively relating new information to knowledge that is already in memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| required participants to think about the meaning of the words "Is a hat a type of clothing"? |
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Term
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Definition
| Required participants to think about the sound of the words "Does hat rhyme with cat?" |
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Term
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Definition
| required participant to think about the appearance of the words "It HAT written uppercase or lowercase?" |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of storing new information by converting it into mental pictures |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of categorizing information according to the relationships among a series of items. |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of storage that holds sensory information for a few seconds or less |
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Term
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Definition
| a fast-decaying store of visual information |
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Term
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Definition
| a fast- decaying store of auditory information |
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Term
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Definition
a type of storage that holds nonsensory information for more than a few seconds but less than a miute
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Term
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Definition
| the process of keeping information in short-term memory by mentally repeating it. |
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Term
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Definition
| combining small pieces of information into larger clusters or chunks that are more easily held in short-term memory |
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Term
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Definition
| active maintnenance of information in short-term storage |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of storage that holds information for hours, days, weeks, or years. |
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Term
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Definition
| the inability to transfer new information from the short-term store into the long-term store |
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Term
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Definition
| the inability to retrieve information that was acquired before a particular date, usually the date of an injury or operation |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which memories become stable in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| memories can become vulnerable to disruption when they are recalled, requiring them to become consolidated again. |
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Term
| long-term potentiation (LTP) |
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Definition
| A process whereby communication across the synapse between neurons strengthens the connection, making further communication easier. |
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Term
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Definition
| a receptor site on the hippocapus that ifluences the flow of information between neurons by controlling the initiation of long-term potentiation. |
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Term
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Definition
| External information that helps bring stored information to mind. |
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Term
| encoding specificity principle |
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Definition
| the idea that aretrieval cue can serve as an effective reminder when it helps re-create the specific way in which information was intitially encoded |
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Term
| state-dependent retrieval |
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Definition
| the tendency for information to be better recalled when the person is in the same state during encoding and retrieval |
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Term
| transfer-appropriate processing |
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Definition
| the idea that memory is likely to transfer fro one situation to anotehr when the encoding context of the situations match. |
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Term
| retrieval-induced forgetting |
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Definition
| A process by which retrieving an item from long-term memory impairs subsequent recall of related items. |
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Term
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Definition
| the act of consciously or intentionally retrieving past experiences |
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Term
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Definition
| the influence of past experiences on later behavior, even without an effort to remember them or an awareness of the recollection. |
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Term
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Definition
| the gradual acquisition of skills as a result of practice, or "knowing how" to do things |
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Term
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Definition
| an enhanced ability to think of a stimulus, such as a word or object, as a result of a recent exposure to the stimulus. |
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Term
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Definition
| a network of associated facts and concepts that make up our general knowledge of the world. |
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Term
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Definition
| the collection of past personal experiences that occurred at a particular time and place |
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Term
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Definition
| Forgetting what occurs with the passage of time |
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Term
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Definition
| situations in which info learned later impairs memory for information acquired earlier. |
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Term
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Definition
| situations in which information learned earlier impairs memory for information acquired later. |
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Term
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Definition
| a lapse in attention that results in memory failure |
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Term
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Definition
| remembering to do things in the future |
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Term
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Definition
| a failure to retrieve information that is available in memory even though you are trying to produce it. |
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Term
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Definition
| assigning a recollection or an idea to the wrong source |
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Term
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Definition
| recall of when, where, and how information was acquired |
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Term
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Definition
| a feeling of familiarity about something that hasn't been encountered before. |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to incorporate misleading information from external sources into personal recollections |
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Term
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Definition
| the distorting influences of present knowledge, beliefs, and feelings on recollection of preveious experiences |
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Term
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Definition
| the bias to reconstruct the past to fit the present |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to exaggerate differences between what we feel or believe now and what we felt or believed in the past. |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to exaggerate the change between present and past in order to make ourselves look good in retrospect |
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Term
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Definition
| the intrusive recollection of events that we wish we could forget |
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Term
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Definition
| detailed recollections of when and where we heard about shocking events |
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