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chapter 6
N/A
30
Psychology
11th Grade
10/19/2008

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Term
stimulus
Definition
something that produces a reaction
Term
classical conditioning
Definition
a simple form of learning in which one stimulus elicits the response usually elicited by another stimulus
Term
unconditioned stimulus
Definition
a stimulus that causes a response that is automatic, not learned
Term
unconditioned response
Definition
aan automatic response to a stimulus
Term
conditioned stimulus
Definition
a stiumulus that causes a response that is learned
Term
conditioned response
Definition
a learned response to a stimulus that was previously neutral
Term
extinction
Definition
occurs when the conditioned stimulus is disconnected from the unconditioned stimulus
Term
generalization
Definition
occurs when people respond in the same way to similiar stimuli
Term
discrimination
Definition
the act of responding differently to stimuli that are not similar
Term
flooding
Definition
a method for reducing fears in which a person is continually exposed to the harmless stimulus until frea responses o that stimulus are extinguished
Term
systematic desenitization
Definition
a gradual metho of reducing freas in which people are taught relaxation techniques
Term
counterconditioning
Definition
a method of reducing fears by repeatedly pairing a pleasant stimulus with a fearful one
Term
operant conditioning
Definition
a form of learning based on the consequences of actions
Term
reinforcement
Definition
the process by which a stimulus increases the chances that the preceding behavior will occur again
Term
positive
Definition
reinforcers that increase the frequency of the behavior they follow when they are applied
Term
negative
Definition
reinforcers that increase the frequency of the behavior that follow when they are removed
Term
punishment
Definition
unwanted events that decrease the frequency of the behavior they follow when they are applied
Term
continuous
Definition
type of reinforcement in which behavior is reinforced every time the behavior occurs
Term
partial
Definition
type of reinforcement in which a behavior is not reinforced every single time it occurs
Term
fixed-interval
Definition
type of schedule in which a fixed amount of time elapses between reinforcements
Term
fixed ratio
Definition
type of schedule in which reinforcement is provided after a fixed number of correct responses have been made
Term
variable interval
Definition
type of schdule in which a fixed amount of time elapses between reinforcements
Term
variable ratio
Definition
type of schedule in which reinforcement is provided after a variable number of correct responses have been made
Term
latent learning
Definition
learning that remains hidden until it is needed
Term
observational learning
Definition
learning that is acquired through observing and imitating others
Term
pavlov
Definition
founded of classical conditioning
Term
skinner
Definition
ratio founder
Term
punishment
Definition
you didnt eat dinner so you dont get dessert
Term
discrimination
Definition
our water gun test subject didnt flinch when they hear the word kite
Term
e.c. tolling
Definition
who put the rat into a maze for a couple of days, the rat learned about it's surroundings, and was to reach it's food as fast as a rat trained through operant conditioning
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