Term
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Definition
| Fast, low-amplitude beta waves. State of focused attention or active thought. |
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Term
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Definition
| Slower, rhythmic alpha waves. State of resting quietly with eyes closed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small, irregular brain waves with varying frequencies. Light sleep from which the person can be easily awakened. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sleep spindles, K-complexes. Deeper sleep, but the sleeper is still readily awakened. |
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Term
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Definition
| Large, slow delta waves. Deep sleep (called delta sleep or slow-wave sleep) from which it is difficult to arouse the sleeper. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dominance of delta waves. Deepest level of sleep (slow-wave sleep still). |
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Term
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Definition
| Rapid, active pattern, similar to that in alert wakefulness. Sleep in which the brain becomes more active but muscle activity is blocked (paradoxical sleep); stage associated with dreaming. |
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Term
| How one progresses through the stages |
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Definition
| Cycle is about 90 minutes: stages 1-4 then, after an hour has passed, from 4 to 3 to 2 to REM sleep. Then repeats. |
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Term
| Which sleep is predominant early in the night? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which sleep is predominant later in the night? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Conservation of energy, repair and restoration, learning and memory consolidation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occur once about every 24 hours (the sleep-wake cycle) |
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Term
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Definition
| Occur less frequently than once in a day (birds migrating, bears hibernating) |
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Term
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Definition
| Occur more frequently than once a day (stomach contractions, hormone fluctuation) |
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Term
| Psychoanalytic theory of dreaming |
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Definition
| Purpose - to express unconscious thoughts, wishes, and conflicts. Weaknesses - interpretations are often far-fetched. |
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Term
| Problem-focused theory of dreaming |
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Definition
| Purpose - to express ongoing concerns of waking life and/or resolve current concerns and problems. Weaknesses - some are skeptical about the ability to resolve problems during sleep. |
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Term
| Cognitive theory of dreaming |
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Definition
| Purpose - to express concerns and interests. Weaknesses - some specific claims have yet to be tested. |
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Term
| Activation-synthesis theory of dreaming |
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Definition
| Purpose - none as dream occur because of random brain-stem signals, though cortical interpretations of those signals may reflect concerns and conflicts. Weaknesses - does not explain coherent, story-like dreams or non-REM dreams. |
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Term
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Definition
| speed up activity in the central nervous system (amphetamines, cocaine, methamphetamines, nicotine, caffeine) |
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Term
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Definition
| slow down activity in the central nervous system (alcohol, barbiturates, tranquilizers) |
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Term
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Definition
| relieve pain (opium, morphine, heroin, codeine) |
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Term
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Definition
| disrupt normal thought processes (LSD, salvia, marijuana) |
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