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Chapter 5
Narcotics: Opium, Heroin, and Synthetic Opiates
25
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 3
03/29/2013

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Term
Narcotics
Definition
A general term technically referring to opiate-related or opiate-derived drugs. It is often mistakenly used to include several other illicit drug categories as well.
Term
Opium
Definition
An analgesic and euphoriant drug acquired from the dried juice of the opium poppy.
Term
Opiates
Definition
Any ingredients of opium or chemical derivatives of these ingredients. The term generally refers to opium, morphine, codeine, thebaine, and heroin.
Term
Synthetic opiates
Definition
Synthetic drugs unrelated to morphine that produce opiate-like effects.
Term
Morphine
Definition
The major active ingredient in opium
Term
Codeine
Definition
One of the three active ingredients in opium, used primarily to treat coughing.
Term
Thebaine
Definition
One of the three active ingredients in opium.
Term
Heroin
Definition
A chemical derivative of morphine. It is approximately three times as potent as morphine and a major drug of abuse.
Term
Black tar
Definition
A potent form of heroin, generally brownish in color, originating in Mexico
Term
Fentanyl
Definition
A chemical derivative of Thebaine, used as a prescription painkiller. The street name for fentanyl and related compounds is China White.
Term
Naloxone
Definition
A pure antagonist for morphine and other opiate drugs. Brand name is Narcan.
Term
Endogenous opioid peptides
Definition
Also known as endorphins. A class of chemicals produced inside the body that mimic the effects of opiate drugs.
Term
Naltrexone
Definition
A long-lasting form of naloxone. Brand name prior to 1994 was Trexan; brand name has since been changed to ReVia.
Term
Chipping
Definition
The taking of heroin on an occasional basis.
Term
Detoxification
Definition
The process of drug withdrawal in which the body is allowed to rid itself of the chemical effects of the drug in the bloodstream.
Term
Propoxyphene
Definition
A synthetic opiate useful in treating heroin abuse. Brand name is Darvon.
Term
Methadone
Definition
A synthetic opiate useful in treating heroin abuse.
Term
Methadone Maintenance
Definition
A treatment program for heroin abusers in which heroin is replaced by the long-term intake of methadone.
Term
LAAM
Definition
The synthetic narcotic drug levi-alpha-acetyl-methadol, used in the treatment of heroin abuse. Brand name is Orlaam.
Term
Buprenorphine
Definition
A synthetic opiate used in the treatment of heroin abuse. Brand names are Subutex and (in combination with naloxone) Suboxone.
Term
Therapeutic Communities
Definition
Living environments for individuals in treatment for heroin and other drug abuse, where they learn social and psychological skills needed to lead a drug-free life.
Term
Multimodality Programs
Definition
Treatment programs in which a combination of detoxification, psychotherapy, and group support is implemented.
Term
Antitussive
Definition
Having an effect that controls coughing.
Term
Dextromethorphan
Definition
A popular non-narcotic ingredient used in over-the-counter cough remedies. The "DM" designation on these preparations refers to it.
Term
OxyContin
Definition
A time-release form of oxycodone, used in the treatment of chronic pain.
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