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Chapter 5
Science Chapter 5
15
Science
7th Grade
06/14/2010

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Term
multiple alleles
Definition
three or more forms for a gene that code for a single trait
Term
karyotype
Definition
pictures of all the chromosomes of a cell
Term
amniocentesis
Definition
when fluid is removed through the umbilical cord to test chromosomes of defection
Term
inbreeding
Definition
cross of two individuals that have similar characteristics
Term
hybridization
Definition
cross of 2 genetically different individuals
Term
genetic engineering
Definition
genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another
Term
genome
Definition
all the DNA in one cell of an organism
Term
sex chromosomes
Definition
A pair of chromosomes carrying genes that determine whether a person is male or female.
Term
sex-linked gene
Definition
A gene that is carried on the X or Y chromosome.
Term
carrier
Definition
a person who has one recessive allele for a trait and one dominant allele
Term
genetic disorder
Definition
an abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes
Term
pedigree
Definition
a chart or “family tree” that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait
Term
selective breeding
Definition
The process of selecting organisms with desired traits to be parents of the next generation
Term
clone
Definition
an organism that has exactly the same genes as the organism from which it was produced
Term
gene therapy
Definition
The insertion of working copies of a gene into the cells of a person with a genetic disorder in an attempt to correct the disorder.
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