Details

Title: Chapter 5

Description: Absolute Monarchies

Total Flash Cards: 45

Created: 09/13/2009 15:00:13

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Cards in this set:

Term
Phillip II
 Definition

King of Spain (castilia, Aragon and Portugal Kingdoms), Naples, Sicily, England and Ireland.[1][2] He was lord of the Seventeen Provinces from 1556 until 1581, holding various titles for the individual territories, such as Duke or Count.

He ruled one of the world's largest empires which included territories in every continent then known to Europeans.
Term
Absolute Monarch
 Definition
monarchical form of government where the king or queen has absolute power over all aspects of his/her subjects' lives.
Term
Divine Rigth
 Definition
The divine right of kings is a political and religious doctrine of royal absolutism. It asserts that a monarch is subject to no earthly authority, deriving his right to rule directly from the will of God
Term
The Escorial
 Definition
a historical residence of the king of Spain. It is one of the Spanish royal sites and functions as a monastery, royal palace, museum, and school.
Term
El Greco
 Definition
a painter, sculptor, and architect of the Spanish Renaissance. "El Greco" (The Greek) was a nickname,[a][b] a reference to his Greek origin,
Term
Diego Velazquez
 Definition
a Spanish painter who was the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV. He was an individualistic artist of the contemporary baroque period, important as a portrait artist.
Term
Miguel de Cervantes
 Definition
a Castilian novelist, poet, and playwright. His magnum opus, Don Quixote, often considered the first modern novel,[1] is a classic of Western literature and is regularly regarded among the best novels ever written
Term
Battle of Lepanto
 Definition
 took place on 7 October 1571 when a galley fleet of the Holy League, a coalition of Spain (including their territories of Naples, Sicily and Sardinia), the Republic of Venice, the Papacy (under St. Pope Pius V), the Republic of Genoa, the Duchy of Savoy, the Knights Hospitaller and others, decisively defeated the main fleet of Ottoman war galleys.
Term
Rembrant van Rijn
 Definition
a Dutch painter and etcher. He is generally considered one of the greatest painters and printmakers in European art history and the most important in Dutch history.[1] His contributions to art came in a period that historians call the Dutch Golden Age.
Term
Jan Vermeer
 Definition
a Dutch Baroque painter who specialized in exquisite, domestic interior scenes of middle class life
Term
Jean Bodin
 Definition
a French jurist and political philosopher, member of the Parlement of Paris and professor of law in Toulouse. He is best known for his theory of sovereignty
Term
Edict of Nantes
 Definition
issued on April 13, 1598.[1] by Henry IV of France to grant the Calvinist Protestants of France (also known as Huguenots) substantial rights in a nation still considered essentially Catholic.
Term
Cardinal Richelieu
 Definition

a French clergyman, noble, and statesman.

Consecrated as a bishop in 1608, he later entered politics, becoming a Secretary of State in 1616. Richelieu soon rose in both the Church and the state, becoming a cardinal in 1622, and King Louis XIII's chief minister in 1624. He remained in office until his death in 1642; he was succeeded by Jules Cardinal Mazarin.
Term
Skepticism
 Definition
the teachings and the traits of the 'Skeptikoi', a school of philosophers of whom it was said that they 'asserted nothing but only opined.' (Liddell and Scott) In this sense, philosophical skepticism, or Pyrrhonism, is the philosophical position that one should suspend judgment in investigations
Term
Louis XIV
 Definition
 King of France and of Navarre[1] from 1643 to his death in 1715. Lasting seventy-two years, three months and eighteen days, his reign is the longest documented of any European monarch to date.[2]
Term
Indendant
 Definition
royal civil servants in France under the ancien régime
Term
Jean Baptiste Colbert
 Definition
French minister of finance from 1665 to 1683 under the rule of King Louis XIV. He was described by Mme de Sévigné as "Le Nord"(the north), because he was cold and unemotional.
Term
 War of the Spainish Sucsession
 Definition
a war fought from 1701-1714, in which several European powers combined to stop a possible unification of the Kingdoms of Spain and France under a single Bourbon monarch, upsetting the European balance of power
Term
The Bourbons
 Definition
an important European royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Bourbon kings first ruled Navarre and France in the 16th century. By the 18th century, members of the Bourbon dynasty also held thrones in Spain, Naples & Sicily, and Parma. Spain and Luxembourg currently have Bourbon monarchs.
Term
Moliere
 Definition
a French playwright and actor who is considered one of the greatest masters of comedy in Western literature.
Term
Versailles
 Definition
The palace of Louis XIV where he ruled throughout his reign
Term
Gibraltar
 Definition
 a self-governing[3] British overseas territory located on the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula and Europe at the entrance of the Mediterranean overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar.
Term
Phillip of Anjou
 Definition
king of Spain from 1700 to 1724 and from 1724 to 1746, the first of the Bourbon dynasty in Spain. His entire reign of 45 years and 21 days is the longest in the history of Spain.
Term
Treaty of Utrecht
 Definition
established the Peace of Utrecht, rather than a single document, comprises a series of individual peace treaties signed in the Dutch city of Utrecht in March and April 1713. Concluded between various European states, it helped end the War of the Spanish Succession.
Term
Thirty Years' War
 Definition

fought primarily (though not exclusively) in Germany and at various points involved most of the countries of Europe. Naval warfare also reached overseas and shaped the colonial formation of future nations. Started over the differences between Catholics and Protestants

 
Term
Maria Theresea
 Definition
the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions and the last of the House of Habsburg. She was the sovereign of Austria, Hungary (as Maria II Theresa[1][2][3][4][5]), Croatia, Bohemia, Mantua, Milan, Lodomeria and Galicia, the Austrian Netherlands, and Parma. By marriage, she was Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Duchess of Lorraine, German Queen and Holy Roman Empress
Term
Federick the Great
 Definition
King of Prussia (1740–1786) from the Hohenzollern dynasty.[1] In his role as a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire, he was Frederick IV (Friedrich IV) of Brandenburg. He was in personal union the sovereign prince of the Principality of Neuchâtel
Term
Seven Years' War
 Definition
lasted between 1754–1763 and involved all of the major European powers of the period. The war pitted Prussia and Britain and a coalition of smaller German states against an alliance consisting of Austria, France, Russia, Sweden, and Saxony. Russia temporarily changed sides in the later stages of the war.
Term
The Hapsburgs
 Definition
important royal house of Europe and is best known for being an origin of all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1452 and 1740, as well as rulers of the Austrian and Spanish Empire and several other countries. Originally from Switzerland, the dynasty first reigned in Austria, which they ruled for over six centuries
Term
Peace of Westphalia
 Definition
Term
Ivan the Terrible
 Definition
Term
Boyar
 Definition
Term
Peter the Great
 Definition
Term
Westernization
 Definition
Term
Samovars
 Definition
Term
St. Petersburg
 Definition
Term
Charles I
 Definition
Term
English Civil War
 Definition
Term
Oliver Cromwell
 Definition
Term
Restoration
 Definition
Term
Habeas Corpus
 Definition
Term
Glorious Revolution
 Definition
Term
Constitutional Monarch
 Definition
Term
Cabinet
 Definition
Term
Parliment
 Definition