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Chapter 4 part one continued
Chapter 4 part one continued
28
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
03/02/2017
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Term
Nurture:
 Definition
•Characteristics because of nurture and social environment.
o Language (Before 13)
o Isolation/being friendly/social.
o Debate within society.
o Biology studies- Nature.
o Social environment shapes.
Term
 Definition
•Affected by interaction with others.
•Feral children-Neglect-extreme child abuse.
Language:
•If not learned by a certain age; Hard time to learn.
o Children raised in neglect:
 Behavioral issues
 Lack of social skills.
 Cannot communicate.
•Ex: Video: Youtube: Oprah: Feral Child.
Term
C. Concept looked at a lot in Socialization= is the ‘self.’
 Definition
•How we think others sees us.
•Development we go through.
•How we see ourselves.
o E.g. (Fe)male
Term
II. Theories/researchers.
 Definition
•For micro sociologists (e.g. symbolic interactionists.)
•Our actions affect others.
•Others respond/influences us.
Term
Charles Horton Cooley
 Definition
Term
1. Symbolic Interactionist
 Definition
Self develops from interactions with others.
•Looking glass-self: Mirror Concept.
Term
2. Known for work on Looking glass self:
 Definition
a. Imagine how we appear to those around us.
e.g. smart
b. Interpret other’s reactions.
e.g. Likes/Dislikes.
c. Develop a self-concept.
Feelings/Ideals about ourselves.
Term
•Positive self-concept
 Definition
o Think good/reflection.
Term
•Negative self-concept:
 Definition
o Think Bad/reflection.
 Both in relation to self-esteem.
 Can change in a matter of minutes.
 Shaped by interactions/not permanent.
Term
3. Significance of Looking glass concept:
 Definition
 Development of self, not depend in accurate evaluations.
•New outfit/new day of college.
o Positive self-concept: Walk by a group that is laughing. Think they are laughing at you. Could be laughing at a joke. Begin to doubt/check how you look-Negative self-concept.
Term
o B. George Hebert Mead
 Definition
1. Symbolic Interactionist.
2. How self develops/role-taking/importance of play
Term
 3. Play:
 Definition
• A. Kids learn to “take the role of the other.”
o How others think/act.
o i.) Mead:
 1st role of significant other.
 Big influence of a kid.
• Ex: Contacted by ex. Do not tell current other about it.
• Child jumping on the bed. Thinks parent has left. Parent still there. Child hears parent’s footsteps and stops. Thinks what the parent might do/child may get in trouble.
Term
o ii.) Eventually leads to the role of, “generalized other.”
 Definition
 Take the role of others= change behavior in anticipation.
• Ex: Silence your cell phone during a movie. Forget/phone goes off. Immediate sorry/panic to turn off/go out take call.
• Ex: Restaurant and small children.
Term
o Mead:
 Definition
 Adults know norms of generalized other.
 Care/Not care?
 Imagine how others react.
 Learned/ know as an adult.
• Children=learning/developing.
Term
Role Taking:
o There are 3 stages of learning to take role of the other.
 Definition
Term
o A. Imitation stage:
 Definition
 Prepatory stage.
 Not role-taking.
 Copy behavior without understanding intentions.
• Parrot stage.
Term
 Definition
 Age 3 years.
 Do not know meaning behind each word/say it for reaction.
• Ex: Child hears parent swear/repeats excessively.
Term
o B. Play stage:
 Definition
 Pretend to take on the roles of specific people.
• E.g fire fighter.
• Costumes/dress up.
• Ages 3-6.
• Taking role of the other.
• Ex: Playing cop/robber.
Term
o C. Game stages:
 Definition
 Take on multiple roles.
 Team player-team sports.
• Ex: Put into sports to early/ have not developed this concept.
Term
 Definition
 After 6-7 year’s old
• Ex: Games: Soccer.
• Opposing team.
• Do’s/Dont’s of the game.
• Aware of people on own team.
Term
 Definition
• Someone to receive ball/where to make the goal?
o Multiple roles.
o View how others:
 See, think, feel and act.
 Awareness of others beside self.
 Knowledge/knowing.
• Imagine how others would react.
o Foreseeing reactions.
Term
•5. The self:
 Definition
How we think others see us.
o Our responses to it.
o How we see ourselves
Term
o Self= I + Me.
 Definition
 A. The self: Two parts.
• 1.) I = Active part/ evaluates others reactions/Busy.
• 2.) Me= Passive; Subject/target/object to action.
Term
• 6. Both the self and the human mind are: Social products.
 Definition
o Language how we think= Mind.
o From socialization process.
o What to do/What not to do.
o Shapes development.
o Interactions with others.
Term
 Definition
o Able to reason because of socialization.
 E.g. play.
 E.g. How style hair/ put braces on.
• Characteristics.
• Not biological traits/characteristics associated with human anatomy
Term
•III. Gender Socialization:
 Definition
o Nudged Attitudes, behaviors, for (Fe)Male.
 Ex: Who pays for things?
• Appropriate Male and female behaviors.
Term
A. Sources of influence:
1. Parents:
 Definition
• The 1st significant other to teach us part of male/female roles.
o E.g toys.
 Pattern/language/model.
• Appropriate/Inappropriate behavior.
• Normal for kids to explore/Child development.
Term
 Definition
• Gender neutral.
o Children play with anything.
o Boy/Girl= means nothing.
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