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| the smallest unit that can carry on all of the processes of life. |
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a statement that says that
1)all living organisms are made of one or more cells
2)cell are the basic units of structure and function, and
3)cells come only from pre-existing cells. |
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| the region of the cell that is within the plasma membrane and that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton, and all of the organelles except the nucleus. |
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| the part of the cytoplasm that includes molecules and small particles, such as ribosomes, but not membrane-bound organelles. |
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| a group of similar cells and their products that carry out a specific function |
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| a membrane-bound organelle in a cell that contains a cell's DNA |
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| groups of tissues that perform a particular job in an organism |
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| organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
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| this covers a cell's surface and acts as a barrier between the inside and the outside of a cell, also known as the cell membrane. |
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| a group of organs that accomplish related tasks. |
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| organisms made up of one or more cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. |
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| well-defined intracellular bodies that perform specific functions for the cell. |
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| the denser area in the nucleus where DNA is concentrated when it is in the process of making ribosomal RNA. |
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| long, hairlike structures that extend from the surface of the cell, where they assist in movement. They are few in number. |
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| structures in the nucleus made of DNA and protein. |
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| a network of thin tubes and filaments that crisscrosses the cytosol. It gives shape to the cell from the inside. |
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| short, hairlike structures that extend from the surface of the cell where they assist in movement. They are many in number. |
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| tiny organelles that transfer energy from organic molecules to ATP. |
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| long threads of the bead-like protein actin and are linked end to end and wrapped around each other like two strands of a rope. |
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| a double membrane that surrounds the nucleus |
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| organelles made of protein and RNA that direct protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. |
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| plastids that contain colorful pigments and that may or may not take part in photosynthesis |
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| a system of flattened, membranous sacs located in each chloroplast. |
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| plastids within a plant cell that use light energy to make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water. |
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| the main molecule that absorbs light and captures light energy for the plant cell. It is green in color. |
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| a large, fluid-filled organelle that stores not only water but also enzymes, metabolic wastes, and other materials. It forms as other smaller vacuoles fuse together. It can make up 90 percent of the plants cell's volume and can push all of the other organelles into a thin layer against the plasma membrane. |
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| a rigid layer that lies outside the plant cell's plasma membrane. They contain a carbohydrate called cellulose. |
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| a process in which plant cells convert carbon dioxide from the air and water from the environment into sugars. |
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| these structures consist of two short cylinders of microtubules at right angles to each other and are situated in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope. Located only in animal cells, not plant cells. |
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| a system of membranous tubes and sacs, called cisternae. |
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| hollow tubes made of a protein called tubulin |
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| vesicles that bud from the Golgi apparatus and that contain digestive enzymes |
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| a system of flattened, membranous sacs that modifies many cellular products and prepares them for export |
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Definition
| a double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma and organelle membranes. It is the foundation of the cell membrane |
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| organelles that are surrounded by a double membrane and contain their own DNA. |
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Definition
| chloroplasts, chromoplasts, and leucoplasts |
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