Term
|
Definition
| a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive and social change throughout the life span. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the fertilized egg; it enters a 2-week period of rapid cell division and devel0ps into an embryo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(literally, "monster maker") agents, such as tozins, chemicals, and viruses, than can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm. |
|
|
Term
| fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) |
|
Definition
| physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by pregnant woman's heavy drinking. In severe cases, symptoms include noticeable facial misproportions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation. As infants gain familiarity with repeated exposure to a visual stimulus,their wanes and they look away sooner. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| biological groth processes that enable orderly changes in behaviour, relatively uninfluenced by experience. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an optimal period early in the life of an organism when exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces normal development |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a concept of framwork that organizes and interprets information. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adapting our current understanding (schemas) to incorporate new infomation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in Piaget's theory, the stage (from birth to about 2 years of age) during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the awareness that things continue to exist even when not percieved. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in Piaget's theory, the stage (from about 2 to about 6 or 7 years of age) during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in Piaget's theory, the preoperational child's difficulty taking another's point of view. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| people's ideas about their own and other's mental states-about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts, and the behaviors these might predict. |
|
|
Term
| concrete operational stage |
|
Definition
| in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to thing logically about concrete events. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in Piaget's theory, the stage of congnitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about concrete concepts. |
|
|
Term
| autism spectrum disorder (ASD) |
|
Definition
| a disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by significant deficiencies in communication and social interaction, and by rigidly fixated interests and repetitive behaviors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the fear of strangers that infants commonly display, beginning by about 8 months of age. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an emotional tie with another person; shown in young children by their seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress on separation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| accordin to Erik Erikson, a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy, said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with repsonsive caregivers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the transition period from childhood to adulthood, extending from puberty to independence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ther period of sexual maturation, durin which a person becomes capable of reproducing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| our sense of self; according to Erikson, the adolescent's task is to solidify a sense of self by testing and integrating various roles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the "we" aspect of our self-concept; the part of our answer to "who am I?" that comes form our group memberships. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in Erikson's theory, the ability to form close, loving relationships; primary developmental task in late adolescence and early adulthood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| for some people in modern cultures a period from the late teens to mid-twinties, bridging the gap between adolescent dependence and full independence and responsible aldulthood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the time of natural cessation of menstruation; also refers to the bioligcal changes a woman experiences as her ability to reproduce declines. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a study in which people of different ages are compared with one another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage, parenthood and retirement. |
|
|
