Term
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Definition
| Fundamental human emotion. Uneasy or apprehension feeling. Waiting for a dreaded event to occur. Adaptive function |
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Term
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Definition
| Intense emotion experienced in response to threatening situation |
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Term
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Definition
| Fear or anxiety symptoms that interfere with an individual's day-to-day functioning. Phobias,panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| Explain the cause of a disorder. |
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Term
| Multipath perspective model |
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Definition
| biological, psychological,social, and sociocultural all interact with one another |
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Term
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Definition
| Brain function(amygdala, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex). Genetic influences(modest contribution to anxiety disorders)-Neurotransmitter,alleles, predisposition: a susceptibility to certain symptoms or disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| Interact with biological predispositions. One's sense of control may also be involved. |
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Term
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Definition
| Daily environmental stress, poverty, gender, social support network, discrimination and prejudice |
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Term
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Definition
| strong, persistent fear of a specific object or situation. Extreme anxiety or panic is expressed. Most common mental disorder USA |
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Term
| Social anxiety disorder SAD |
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Definition
| Intense fear of being scrutinized in one or more social or performance situations. Generalized vs performance type. Can exist simultaneously with another condition. Chronic and siabling |
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Term
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Definition
Extreme fear of a specific object or situation; exposure->intense anxiety or panic.
Common: animal, natural environmental, blood, situational |
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Term
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Definition
Intense fear of at least two of the following:
Being outside of the home alone
Traveling in public transportation
Being in open spaces
Being in stores or theaters
Standing in line or being in crowd
Feared->escape or help is not available
Anxiety over having a panic attack |
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Term
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Definition
Biochemical: Medication like benzodiazepines and antidepressant SSRIs.
Side effects:
Dependence,withdrawal, paradoxical reactions, symptoms may recur when med is discontinued
Medicine shouldn't be the first option, get rid of anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
Exposure treatment: gradually introduce the feared situation
Systematic desensitization: muscle relaxation
Cognitive restructuring: unrealistic thought are altered
Modeling: patient observes a model coping or responding appropriately to feared situation |
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Term
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Definition
Recurrent unexpected panic attacks in combination with apprehension over having another attack or worry about consequences of an attack, chances in behavior or activities designed to avoid another panic attack, reaction must be present for a 1 month.
Frequently diagnosed |
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Term
| Etiology of panic disorder: Biological |
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Definition
higher concordance rates in monozygotic
Brain structures and neurotransmitters involved.
Reduction in GABA receptors in hippocampus and amygdala |
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Term
| Etiology of panic disorder: Psychological |
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Definition
| Characteristics associated with panic disorder. |
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Term
| Etiology of panic disorder: Social and sociocultural |
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Definition
| stressful childhood involving: separation anxiety, family conflicts, school problems, loss of loved one. culture |
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Term
| Treatment of panic disorder |
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Definition
Medication and cognitive-behavioral->effective
Cognitive->help them change an unhealthy idea->help them see that their idea is unhealthy and wrong |
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Term
| Generalized anxiety disorder |
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Definition
Persistent high levels of anxiety and excessive worry over many life circumstance: symptoms->3 months
Develops gradually beginning in childhood or adolescence
Somatic symptoms: muscle tension, restlessness, sleep difficulties, poor concentration, and avoidance of situations associated with worry |
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Term
| Etiology of GAD:Biological |
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Definition
| disrupt prefrontal cortex modulation of amygdala |
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Term
| Etiology of GAD:Psychological |
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Definition
cognitive theories:role of dysfunctional thinking and beliefs
negative schemas:set of beliefs or ideas |
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Term
| Etiology of GAD: social and sociocultural |
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Definition
Children of mother with GAD may develop anxiety disorder
poverty and etc |
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Term
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Definition
biochemical but problems of dependence
Cognitive-behavioral validated psychological treatment |
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Term
| Obsessive-Compulsive and Related disorders |
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Definition
Common with anxiety disorders. Characterized by obsessions: images that produce anxiety, intrusive
Compulsions: need to perform acts or dwell on thoughts to reduce anxiety
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related disorders
Body dysmorphic disorder, skin picking disorder, hair pulling disorder
Recognition of thoughts and impulses but no control |
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Term
| Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) |
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Definition
Preoccupation with a perceived physical defect in a normal appearing person or excessive concern over a slight physical defect. Compulsive behaviors-frequent mirror checking
common concern: bodily features |
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Term
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Definition
recurrent and compulsive hair pulling that causes significant distress and results in hair loss
. age 17. higher in women |
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Term
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Definition
| recurrent and compulsive skin pulling that causes significant distress and resulting skin lesions |
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Term
| Etiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related disorders |
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Definition
bio-decision making, planning, and metal flexibility may be endophenotypes for OCD
Psychological: obsessive behaviors develop to reduce anxiety
social and sociocultural: family variables,adverse environmental.
minorities are underrepresented |
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Term
| Treatment of Compulsive and Related disorders |
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Definition
Medication:SSRI's
Behavioral treatments: exposure and response prevention |
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