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Definition
| Anything that has mass and takes up space. |
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| Examples of what is not matter |
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Definition
| Ideas. Thoughts. Feelings. Emotions. |
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Definition
| ... be broken down into other substances (by chemical means. |
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| How many elements are essential to life? |
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Definition
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| 96% of matter is made up of... |
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Definition
| ,,, Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen |
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| 4% of living matter is made up of... |
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Definition
| ... Calicum, Phosphors, Potassium, Sulfur. |
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Definition
| Make up less than .01% of body mass. They are necessary to your health. You get them from food0 a good diet. |
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Definition
| A substance made up of 2 or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio. |
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Definition
| Smallest partical of an element |
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| Atoms contain subatomic particles: |
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Definition
| Protons (+). Electrons (-). Nutrons (0) |
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Term
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Definition
Found in the nucleus
Has a charge of +1
Has a mass of 1 AMU |
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Term
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Definition
Found in the electron cloud (out side of the nucleus)
Has a charge of -1
Has a mass of 1/2000 AMU (No mass)
Orbits the nucleus- doesn't stay in one place |
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Term
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Definition
Found in the nucleus
Has a charge of 0
Has a mass of 1 AMU |
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Term
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Definition
Equal to the number of protons
Unique to each element- no two elements have to same atomic numbers
Found on the Periodic Table |
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Term
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Definition
| All atoms are neutral (no charge- the positive charge equals the negative charge |
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Term
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Definition
| All atoms are neutral (no charge- the positive charge equals the negative charge/ protons equal the electrons) |
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Term
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Definition
| Atoms of the same element with a different number of nuterons |
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Term
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Definition
Isotope that decays over time- releasing matter and energy
scientists can track thier movement |
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Term
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Definition
Electrons orbit the nucleus in energy levels
The closer to the nucleus, the less energy |
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Term
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Definition
Electrons orbit the nucleus in energy levels
The closer to the nucleus, the less energy |
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Term
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Definition
| Formula for how many electrons an energy level can hold |
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Term
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Definition
| ... Fill thier outer energy levels |
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Term
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Definition
occurs when electrons are gained of lost
Ions form when an atom gains or loses and electron. Losing an electron creates a positive ion, while gaining one makes a negative ion. |
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Term
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Definition
| Atoms share electrons to fill outermoost enerygy level |
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Term
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Definition
| The Number of electrons needed to fill the outer ebergy level is the numbe of bonds it can make |
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Term
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Definition
| When two or more atoms are held together by a bond- can be shown as a chemical formula, stcuctural formual, or a space-filling model. |
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Term
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Definition
Changes between atoms that result in the formation of substances.
Some absorb energy and some release it. Reactens are to the left og the arrow and teh product is to the righ right of the arrow. |
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Term
| Law of Conservation of Matter |
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Definition
| In a chemical reaction, matter is not created nor distroyed- atoms are only rearranged |
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Term
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Definition
All living things depend on water
There is uneven sharing of electrons |
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Term
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Definition
A molecule in which opposite ends have a slight charge
*Water is polar*
O end is slightly negative
H end is slightly positive |
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Term
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Definition
| Weak attraction between the hydrogen atom of one molecule and a slighly negative atom within another molecule (when H is bonded to F, O, or N)Makes H a little positive. |
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Term
Properties because of H bonding
Cohesion |
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Definition
| The tendency of water molecules to stcik together |
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Term
| Properties because of H bonding |
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Definition
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Term
Properties because of H bonding
Adhesion |
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Definition
The tendency of water to stick to other molecules
Example: Capillary action |
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Properties because of H bonding
Temperature moderation |
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Definition
Can resist temperature change
Example:
Pools and lakes |
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Term
Properties because of H bonding
Evaporation |
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Definition
| When water moves from liquid to vapor -> cooling effect |
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Term
| In ice, water molecules... |
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Definition
| ... are further apart from eachother. It's less dense than liquid water |
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Term
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Definition
Uniform mixtue of two or more substances
Example:
salt/sugar water |
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Definition
| What's doing the dissolving (often water). |
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Term
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Definition
| What a souldtion is called when water is the solvent |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Describes how asidic or basic a solution is
Ranges from 0 (most acidic) to 14 (the most basic)
Each number represents a change of 10 times |
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Term
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Definition
A substanced that causes a solution to resist change in pH
Example:
Buffers in blood work to keep the pH at 7.4 |
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