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Chapter 3 Vocabulary
N/A
42
Environmental Studies
12th Grade
10/05/2012

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Term
Matter
Definition
all materials in the universe has mass and occupies space
Term
Atoms
Definition
Basic units of matter
Term
Element
Definition
A chemical substance with a given set of properties that cannot be broken down into substances with other properties
Term
nucleus
Definition
central cord, containing particles called protons and neutrons
Term
molecule
Definition
a combination of two or more atoms of the same type or of different types joined by covalent bonds
Term
compound
Definition
a substance composed of atoms two or more different elements
Term
hydrocarbons
Definition
are organic compounds containing only haydrogen and carbon
Term
Solution
Definition
a mixture in which all the ingredients are evenly distributed
Term
macromolecules
Definition
A molecule containing a very large number of atoms
Term
Proteins
Definition
are polymers that serve many functions in organisms
Term
Nucleci Acid
Definition
are macromolecules that direct production
Term
cardonhydrates
Definition
are polymers that consists of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Term
lipids
Definition
are chemically diverse group of macromolecule that are classified together because they do not dissolve in water
Term
pH
Definition
the acidity or akalinity  of a solution
Term
Erosion
Definition
The process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents
Term
geosphere
Definition
made of rock of all Earth's Surface
Term
Lithosphere
Definition
The crust and upper mantle of the earth
Term
biosphere
Definition
The regions of the surface and atmosphere of the earth or other planet occupied by living organisms.
Term
atmosphere
Definition
consists of gases surrounding our planet
Term
hydrosphere
Definition
encompass all water
Term
crust
Definition
a thin layer of relatively cool rock that form Earth's outer skin both on dry land and in the ocean
Term
mantle
Definition
a layer of very hot but mostly solid rock
Term
core
Definition
beneath the lower mantle
Term
tectonic plates
Definition
As the asthenosphere moves, it drags along large plates of lithosphere
Term
landforms
Definition
such as mountains above and beneath the ocean's surface
Term
deposition
Definition
the depositing of eroded soil at the new location
Term
transpiration
Definition
the release of water vapor by plants through their leaves
Term
evaporation
Definition
the conversion of a substance from liquid to gas
Term
precipitation
Definition
water turn from the atmosphere such as rain or snow
Term
condesation
Definition
a change in state from gas to liquid
Term
aquifers
Definition
a body of premeable rock that can contain or transmit groundwater
Term
groundwater
Definition
fresh water found underground
Term
law of coversation of matter
Definition
why the amount of matter in the enivorment stays the same as it flows through matter cycles,
Term
nutrients
Definition
are matter oragnisms require for their life processes
Term
biogeochemical cycles
Definition
nutrients circulate endlessy throughout the environment in complex cycle
Term
Primary prodecures
Definition
are organisms, including plants and algae that produce their own food
Term
photosynthesis
Definition
producers pull carbon dioxide out of their environment and combine it with water in the presence of sunlight
Term
consumers
Definition
animals that eat other organisms
Term
decomposer
Definition
organisms such as bacteria and fungi that break down wastes and dead organism
Term
cellular respiration
Definition
the process by which organism s use oxygen to release the chemical energy of sugar and release CO2 and water
Term
eutrophication
Definition
the addition of phosphorus to bodies of water can lead to an overgrowth of producers  usually algae
Term
nitrogen fixation
Definition
the conversation of nitrogen gas into ammonia
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