Term
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Definition
| The relationship between humans and their environment |
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Term
| What causes a population’s size to change? |
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Definition
Number of births
Number of deaths
Number of individuals that move in or out of population |
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Term
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Definition
As population grows larger, it grows faster
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| Location, density, and growth rate are important when describing a population. |
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Term
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Definition
Population's growth slows or stops after a period of exponential growth
Population reaches a carrying capacity |
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Term
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Definition
| Limits that increase as population size increases |
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Term
| Density Independent Limits |
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Definition
| Limits that affect a population regardless of population size |
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Term
| Why has world wide population growth been exponential? |
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Definition
| Limits that affect a population regardless of population size |
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Term
| How can you tell if the human population is growing? |
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Definition
| Growth rate = birth rate – death rate |
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Term
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Definition
The variety of species in an area
E.g. corn field vs. rain forest
E.g. number of mammals |
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Term
| Why is biodiversity important? |
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Definition
Stability
E.g. hard for a pest to destroy all plants in diverse environment like a rain forest |
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Term
| What happens when biodiversity is threatened? |
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Definition
Threatened species
Population whose #’s are declining rapidly
E.g. sea otter, sea turtles
Endangered species
Population with very low numbers
~ 1214 animals & ~750 plants
E.g. California condor, manatees, elephants
Extinction
The complete disappearance of a species.
This is irreversible, cannot be recreated in a lab
E.g. ~ 905 species are extinct
Loss of all benefits biodiversity provides |
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Term
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Definition
| Disrupting ecosystems can threaten biodiversity. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Human destruction of forests
E.g. building of malls, homes, farming |
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Term
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Definition
| When plants are harvested soil becomes less fertile |
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Term
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Definition
| Herds of cattle & sheep overgraze grasslands |
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Term
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Definition
| Process where chemical becomes highly concentrated in the bodies of upper level consumers |
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Term
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Definition
| Introduction of organisms that are not native (natural) to an area |
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Term
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Definition
Adding anything to the environment or affecting the environment in a way that makes it less fit for living this is known as pollution.
E.g. sewage dumped in rivers, gaseous waste from cars, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
Tons of solid waste (refuse) are produced everyday
Sanitary Landfill |
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Term
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Definition
Waste is burned, ashes put in landfill
Doesn’t use much land
Creates a lot of air pollution |
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Term
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Definition
Organic wastes
E.g. fertilizer runoff, sewage, waste from factories
Waste acts as food for algae, algae become overpopulated and lead to death of other organisms
Causes eutrophication
accelerated aging process/ succession |
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Term
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Definition
Poisonous wastes dumped into waterways from cities, farms & industry
Biological Magnification
Mercury poisoning in Japan |
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Term
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Definition
Power plants use water to cool their machines and the warmed water is released back into the environment.
Warm water can’t hold as much oxygen as cool water. Organisms will suffocate & die |
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Term
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Definition
Burning Fossil Fuels
Burning of coal & gas
Cars, factories, electrical plants
Release CO2, sulfur, & nitrogen into the atmosphere
Cause health problems, acid rain, global warming etc. |
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Term
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Definition
Occurs when sulfur & nitrogen combine with water
Forms in the rain, snow, & sleet
Lowers the pH of the water
Kills many producers |
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Term
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Definition
Produced from auto exhaust & industrial processes
Results in toxins that can be inhaled
Occurs when pollutants combine with sunlight
Effects can last for several days |
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Term
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Definition
Change in the climate (temp, precipitation, wind) last for an extended period of time.
Can occur naturally
Human activity & pollution can add to the effect |
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Term
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Definition
Occurs when sunlight passes through atmosphere gases
CO2, methane, H2O vapor
Gases trap & absorbs the sunlight resulting in an overall warming effect
Pollution can increase this effect |
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Term
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Definition
The ozone layer is made of ozone gas (O3) and is found between 20-50km above the Earth’s surface.
Absorbs harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight
CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) cause ozone to break down
Found in aerosols, refrigerators, & air conditioners
Ozone holes form
UV light can enter atmosphere
Kills producers
Cause cancer |
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Term
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Definition
| accelerated aging process/ succession |
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Term
| Renewable natural resources |
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Definition
Resources that are naturally replaced
E.g. air, water, soil, sunlight, living things |
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Term
| Nonrenewable natural resource |
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Definition
E.g. coal, oil, natural gas, metals, minerals
Can be taken from earth only once |
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Term
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Definition
| use natural resources at a rate that does not deplete them. |
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Term
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Definition
| Crops planted to cover a field to prevents erosion |
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Term
| Waht are 6 techniques to conserve soil? |
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Definition
Crop rotation
Fertilizer
Strip cropping
Terracing
Contour Farming
Windbreaks |
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Term
| Sustained-yield tree farming |
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Definition
| Cutting down trees only in certain areas so surrounding areas are untouched. |
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Term
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Definition
| Replace lost trees by planting new ones |
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Term
| What are some ways to control pests biologically? |
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Definition
Import natural enemies
Bacteria or virus that infect insect larvae
Pheromones - Lure insect to trap & kill
Crop rotation - Remove favored food source…
Sterilization & release of male insects |
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Term
| What are some individual actions a person can take to help the environment? |
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Definition
Not to pollute
Not to burn garbage
Change products that they use
Drive energy efficient cars
Car pool, use public transportation
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle |
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Term
| What can cities, states, & governments do to help the environment? |
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Definition
Pass laws against pollution
Fine or jail polluters
Hold public meetings & hearings about pollution
Give incentives - $$ |
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