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| The constituitional amendment stating that"The powers nor delegated to U.S. by the constitution, nor prohibeted by it the stares, are reserved to the states respectively or to the people |
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.Supreme Court decision that gave principle of implied powers through a broad interpretation of the U.S. Constitution, giving Congress an expanded role in governing the nation.
.held that Congress had certian implied powers and enumerated powers found in the Constituiton |
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.Powers of the federal government that are specifically addressed in the Constituition;
.include the power to coin money, regulate its value, and impose taxes. |
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.powers of the federal government that go beyond those enumerated in the Constitution.
.The constituion states that Congress has the power to make all laws necessary and proper for carrrying into execution. |
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| .authorizes Congress to pass alll laws necessary and poper to carry out the enumerated powers |
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This was the first case ever to go to the Supreme Court under the Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution.
. "the emancipation proclamation of American commerce."
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The ruling in this case established the importance of commerce between the states, and of any technological advance that might enable commerce between the states. |
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| .requires each state to recognize the official documents and civil judgments rendered by the courts of other states |
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| •a formal process by which a criminal suspect held by one government is handed over to another government for trial or, if the suspect has already been tried and found guilty, to serve his or her sentence |
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| privileges and immunities |
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| constitution according citizens of each state most of the privileges of citizens of other states. |
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| .A system of government in which both the states and the national government remain supreme sith in their own spheres, each responsible for some polices. |
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| cooperative federalism(2) |
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A system of government in which powers and policy assignment are shared between states and the national government.
.They share cost, administrations. |
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| The pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system; it is the cornerstone of the national government’s relations with state and local governments. |
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| federal grants that can be used only for specific purposes, or catigories of state and local spending |
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| federal grants given for specific purposes and awarded on the basis of the merits of applications. |
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| .Federal grants given more or less automatically to states or communiteis to support broad programs in ares such as community development and social services |
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| supremacys clause and Tenth Amendment |
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control over supremecy of national laws not in the sate
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laws given to the states |
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| enumerated powers and implied powers |
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addressed to the const.
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go beyond the constituiton |
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| McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden |
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Congress has certain powers
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same powers go beyond |
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| full faith and credit,extration, and privliges/immunities |
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| all create fairness and respect between the states |
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| dual federalism and cooperative federalism |
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| .states share with national government |
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| a way of organizing a nation so that tow or more levels of government have formal authority over the same area and people |
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| both national government and the states remain supreme with in their own spheres |
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| Three items thata are considered the supremem law of the land |
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.constituion
. federal states
. U.S treaties |
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| Significance of the 10th Amendment(2) |
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THe powers that are denied to the federal government, belong to the states and the people.
.Protects the poeple from an all-powerful federal government |
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| Difference between enumerated powers and implied powers |
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| .In enumerated powers, powers of the federal govrnment that are specifically addressed in the constituiton and impleid powers, are powers of the federal government that go beyond those enumerated in the constituiton. |
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| requires each state to recognize the offical document |
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| Three general standard operating procedures of cooperative federalism |
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.Shared cost-washington foots part of the bil, but states or cities that want to get their share must pay part of a program's cost
.federal guidelines-most federal grants and cities come with strings attached
.Shared administration-State and local officials implement federal policies, but they have administrative powers of their own. The US Department of Labor, for example, gives billions of dollars to states for job retraining, but states have considerable latitude in spending the money. |
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| using fedearl dollars in one program to influence state and local policy in another |
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| Cross-cutting Requiremtns |
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| when a condition on two federal grants are extended to all activities supported by federal funds |
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| Two types of categorical grants |
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.formula grants-federal grants distributed according to a formula specified in legislatio or administrative regulation
.project grants- federal grants given for specific purposes and awarded on the basis of the merits of applications. |
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| difference between block grants and revenue sharing |
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block grants are federal grants given more or less automatically to states or communites to support broad programs in areas such as community development and social services
. revenue sharing is •distribution of part of the federal tax income to states and municipalities |
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| Reasons might a state or locality not want ot receive federal aid |
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| If you accept federal money it usually comes with rules or regs on spending States that didn't want to change their speed limit couldn't get federal funding for highways. |
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| four advantages of federalism for democracy |
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1.increasing access to government
2.local problems can be solved locally
3.hard for political parties/interest groups to dominate all politcs |
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| four disadvantages of federalism |
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.states have different levels of service
.local interest can contract national interest
.too many levels of government too much money |
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| How did industrialization increase the role of the national government? |
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| Railroad growth led a big part to industrialization, and 131 million acres were given for trains from federal government. |
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| intergovrnmental relations |
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| the workings of the federal system are sometimes |
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| power is concentrated in a central government |
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| a little something for everybody |
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.Mandates direct states or local governments to comply with federal rules under threat of penalties or as a condition of receipt of a federal grant.
.Unfunded mandates are requirements on state and local governments |
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