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Chapter 3 Flash Cards
Definitions for Chapter 3
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Undergraduate 2
09/29/2009

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Term
Activity
Definition
The part of a business process that transforms resources and information of one type into resources and information of another type. Can be manual or automatic.
Term
Business Process
Definition
A network of activities, resources, facilities, and information that interact to achieve some business process; sometimes called a business process.
Term
Business Process Redesign
Definition
The creation of new, usually cross-departmental, business practices during information systems development. Most business process redesign uses technology to enable new, more efficient business processes that require people to work in new ways and to follow different procedures.
Term
Competitive Strategy
Definition
The strategy of an organization chooses as the way it will succeed in its industry. According to Porter, there are 4 fundamental competitive strategies: cost leadership across an industry or within particular industry segment and product differentiation across and industry or within a particular industry segment.
Term
Cost (Business Process)
Definition
The cost of the inputs to a business process plus the cost of the activities involved in the process.
Term
Facilities
Definition
Structures within a business process.
Term
Five Forces Model
Definition
Model proposed by Michael Porter that assesses industry characteristics and profitability by means of 5 competitive forces-Bargaining power of suppliers, threat of substitution, bargaining power of customers, rivalry among firms, and threat of new entrants
Term
Flow
Definition
The movement of resources between or among business activities.
Term
Input Resources
Definition
The resources that a business adds in the course of producing goods or services as part of its value-creating activities.
Term
Linkages
Definition
Process interaction across value chains. Linkages are important sources of efficiencies and are readily supported by information systems.
Term
Margin
Definition
According to Porter, the difference between the value that an activity generates and cost of the activity.
Term
Margin (Business Process)
Definition
The difference between the value of outputs in a business process and the cost of the process.
Term
Output Resources
Definition
The goods or services that result from a business's value-creating activities.
Term
Primary Activities
Definition
In Porter's value chain model, the fundamental activities that create value-inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing\sales, and service.
Term
Support Activities
Definition
In Porter's value chain model, the activities that contribute indirectly to value creation-procurement, technology, human resources, and the firm's infrastructure.
Term
Switching Costs
Definition
Business strategy of locking in customers by making it difficult or expensive to change another product or supplier.
Term
Value
Definition
According to Porter, the amount of money that a customer is willing to pay for a resource, product, or service.
Term
Value Chain
Definition
A network of value creating activities.
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