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Chapter 2
Classifying and separating substances
22
Chemistry
11th Grade
03/23/2015

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Term
Matter
Definition
A physical substance; anything that has mass and occupies space
Term
Mixture
Definition
Matter that contains two or more different materials or substances with varying composition
Term
Heterogeneous
Definition
Substance with non uniform / irregular composition. Always a mixture
Term
Homogeneous
Definition
Substance with uniform composition throughout
Term
The only Homogeneous mixture
Definition
Solution
Term
Solvent
Definition
The Dissolving material
Term
Solute
Definition
The dissolved material
Term
Pure substances
Definition
Elements and compounds
Term
Element
Definition
Pure substance composed of only one type of atom eg oxygen, gold
Term
Compound
Definition
Pure Substances composed of more than one type of atom chemically combined in fixed proportions eg water, co2
Term
Physical properties
Definition
Properties that can be determined without changing the chemical composition of a substance
Term
Chemical properties
Definition
The ability of a substance to react to form new substances
Term
Physical change
Definition
Changes in physical properties eg density, state and colour. There is no change in chemical composition
Term
Chemical change
Definition
A change in which ATLEAST one new substance is formed eg burning digestion and fermenting. Also known as chemical reaction
Term
Electrostatic attraction
Definition
Used when substances have difference in electrical charge.
Mixture of electrostatic and non-electrostatic materials
Term
Filtration
Definition
Difference in state and size of particle
Mixture of insoluble solid and liquid
Term
Fractional distillation
Definition
small difference in boiling points
Mixture of liquids
Term
Magnetic separation
Definition
Difference in attraction to a magnetic field
Mixture of magnetic and non-magnetic material
Term
Separating funnel
Definition
Difference in densities
Mixture of immiscible (undissolved) liquids
Term
Sieving
Definition
Difference in particle size
Mixture of solids or solids and liquids
Term
Simple distillation
Definition
Big difference in boiling points
Mixture of liquids or liquids an solids
Term
Vaporisation
Definition
Liquid has much lower boiling point than dissolved solid
Solution containing dissolved solids
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